Consequences of Confirmed Maternal Rubella at Successive Stages of Pregnancy

Miller, Elizabeth; Cradock-Watson, J. E.; Pollock, Thomas M.

doi:10.1097/00006254-198305000-00008

Cited by 74 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…Since there is negligible probability of a fetal abnormality arising from primary rubella infection after the first 16 weeks of pregnancy [22], and given a weighted average probability of CRS over these 16 weeks of 0n65 [8], it follows that the estimated number of CRS cases per 1000 pregnancies is…”

Section: Age-specific Incidence Of Rubella and Incidence Of Maternal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-epidemiology of rubella in the urban population of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2000

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SUMMARYWe conducted a community-based cluster sample survey of rubella sero-epidemiology in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 1994. Among 4666 individuals for whom complete data were available, rubella antibody prevalence was 91 % (95 % confidence interval : 90, 92). On multivariable analysis, seroprevalence was lower among individuals who were resident in Addis Ababa for 1 year or less. Approx. 50 % seroprevalence was attained by age 4 years, and the estimated average age at infection was 5n2 years. The highest age-specific force of infection was estimated to occur in 5-to 9-year-olds. The early age at infection corresponded with a low estimated incidence of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) of 0n3 per 1000 live births, equivalent to nine cases of CRS in 1994. The predicted critical level of immunity for elimination of rubella via vaccination was 85-91 %, requiring 89-96 % coverage with a vaccine of 95 % effectiveness. Unless very high coverage of rubella vaccine could be guaranteed, the introduction of childhood vaccination could increase the incidence of CRS in Addis Ababa.

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Section: Age-specific Incidence Of Rubella and Incidence Of Maternal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-epidemiology of rubella in the urban population of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2000

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“…Rubella infection occurring just before conception and during early pregnancy may result in miscarriage, fetal death, or congenital defects known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) [1][2][3][4]. The extent of the involvement depends on the time of pregnancy at which infection occurs.…”

Section: Main Text Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella susceptibility in pregnant women and results of a postpartum immunization strategy in Catalonia, Spain

Vilajeliu

García‐Basteiro

Valencia

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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.4-1.8) were more likely to be susceptible. The second dose of MMR vaccine was received by 57.2% (718/1256) of rubella-susceptible women, with the highest proportion being immigrant women compared with women born in Spain. After vaccination, all women showed rubella immunity. Conclusions:The higher rubella susceptibility found in the three youngest age groups and in immigrant women highlights the relevance of antenatal screening, in order to ensure identification and postpartum immunization. The postpartum immunization strategy is an opportunity to protect women of childbearing age and consequently prevent occurrence of CRS, and to increase vaccination coverage against rubella and other vaccine-preventable diseases.

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“…However, if infected in their first 8-10 weeks of gestation, up to 90% of pregnant women may face miscarriage, stillbirth or a child born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). This is associated with significant disability, including sensorineural deafness, cataract, and cardiac defects [1][2][3]. Therefore the primary goal in controlling rubella is to prevent miscarriage and CRS by an adequate rubella immunization programme [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%