Conocimientos y hábitos alimentarios en mujeres diagnosticadas con hipertensión arterial del municipio de Sonsón - Colombia

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is a problem for the world public health as it carries, in most cases, cardiovascular, kidney and brain diseases. The objective of this research was to understand the knowledge and eating habits of a group of women diagnosed with hypertension in the municipality of Sonsón-Antioquia. Subjects and methods: The approach used was qualitative, which allowed us to understand the social and cultural factors that infl uence the feeding of this group of women. The method was ethnography; the techniques of data collection were individual and group interviews. Results: The food changes proposed to the diagnosed patients with arterial hypertension by the health personnel are oriented to reducing foods high in sodium and salt, but these recommendations are diffi cult to abide due to factors like food taste. The feeding recommendations offered by the health personnel are framed within nutritional issues that do not always consider the taste or the meanings attributed to food, nor the frequency of their consumption.

Report of the Experience of Living with High Blood Pressure in Light of the Theory of Caring

“…(24)(25)(26) Many patients have modified their eating habits by following the recommendations by the health staff, in spite of not agreeing and that it is not pleasant to their taste; the changes consist principally in diminishing intake of fried foods, sugar, and salt and adding fruits; the whole family joins these new habits. (7) This study concludes that in the analysis of narratives of the experience of patients with high blood pressure, the five caring processes by Swanson were recognized. The integral assessment nursing makes of these individuals is fundamental, respecting their beliefs, learning to know it, sharing their feelings and fears as fundamental concepts of care and, thus, permitting to advance in the disciplinary development.…”

“…(6) From the emotional sphere, diverse feelings are experienced that often the health professional is not capable of understanding; each being is unique and must be cared for independently. (7) Beliefs with respect to managing the disease play an important role when establishing care guidelines, as well as the culture with the life habits. (8) In nursing, theoretical referents exist that are part of the essential component of the discipline, one of them is the theory of caring by Kristen Swanson, (9) which represents care based on the maintaining belief in patients, anchored on knowing the reality of the other, transmitted through being with, and enacted by doing and enabling.…”

“…Knowledge patients have acquired about the disease and treatment lets them act consciously,( 4 ) bearing in mind the characteristics, effects, risks, and adequate behaviors to manage HBP. The selection of the diet( 5 - 7 ) in elderly adults is of great importance for the patients’ care, given that it permits their obtaining a balance in their health status to avoid complications. Regarding the perception of life of the patient with HBP, it changes upon knowing of their diagnosis; at the start, the reaction tends to be of rejection and resistance to adopting other eating habits and lifestyle;( 2 ) thereafter, they reflect and know they will have to care for themselves for the disease not to cause complications.…”

“…( 6 ) From the emotional sphere, diverse feelings are experienced that often the health professional is not capable of understanding; each being is unique and must be cared for independently. ( 7 ) Beliefs with respect to managing the disease play an important role when establishing care guidelines, as well as the culture with the life habits. ( 8 )…”

Conocimientos y uso del sodio en la alimentación de los adultos de Medellín (Colombia)

“…de los reportados en un estudio de corte cualitativo, realizado en el municipio de Sonsón-Antioquia, donde se indagó por el conocimiento que tenían las mujeres que padecían hipertensión arterial y sobre el uso que le daban a la sal; ellas en sus testimonios afirmaron que la sal era la que le daba el sabor a sus preparaciones y que no podía faltar a la hora de cocinar (14).…”