Conjugated Polymer/Metal Nanowire Heterostructure Plasmonic Antennas

O’Carroll, Deirdre M.; Hofmann, Carrie E.; Atwater, Harry A.

doi:10.1002/adma.200902024

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…105 Additionally, polymer chains may align in the out-of-plane direction under certain circumstances, such as during electrochemical polymerization of P3HT in the vertically oriented pores of an AAO membrane, as evidenced by photoluminescence anisotropy studies. 106,107 Experimental studies of the effect of molecular orientation on SPPs generated at conjugated polymer-metal interfaces are currently lacking. Such studies could help to determine if control of molecular orientation can be used as an approach to further increase BHJ-OPV efficiency enhancement factors beyond those currently observed when incorporating electrodes that support surface plasmon modes.…”

Section: Morphological Effects Of Plasmonic Back Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Here, we review recent progress on the integration of plasmonic electrodes into bulkheterojunction organic photovoltaic devices. Plasmonic electrodes, consisting of thin films of metallic nanostructures, can exhibit a number of optical, electrical, and morphological effects that can be exploited to improve performance parameters of ultrathin photovoltaic active layers. We review the various types of plasmonic electrodes that have been incorporated into organic photovoltaics such as nanohole, nanowire, and nanoparticle arrays and grating electrodes and their impact on various device performance parameters. The use of plasmonic back electrodes can impact device performance in a number of ways because the mechanisms of performance improvements are often a complex combination of optical, electrical, and structural effects. Inverted bulk heterojunction device architectures have been shown to benefit from the multifunctionality of plasmonic back electrodes as they can minimize space-charge effects and reduce hole carrier collection lengths in addition to providing improved light localization in the active layer. The use of semi-transparent plasmonic electrodes can also be beneficial for organic photovoltaics as they can exhibit a variety of optical properties such as light scattering, light localization, extraordinary transmission of light, and absorption-induced transparency, in addition to providing an alternative to metal oxide-based transparent electrodes. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Morphological Effects Of Plasmonic Back Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

et al. 2015

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“…Arrays of hetero-structure gold nanorods loaded with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), an electronically active semiconductor, 2 can concentrate the light in the nanoscale gap between the two antenna arms. 3 One-dimensional arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles have been reported to operate as optical waveguides supporting different guided modes with different polarization properties. 4 Array of rectangular gold nanorod antennas surrounded by an insulating SiO 2 region and deposited on a semiconductor interface can act like a Schottky diode to generate hot electron-hole pairs, resulting in a * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the inverse FT off k gets the following formula e +jk·r dk x dk y dk z (AII.2)The Parseval theorem for two scalar functions f r and g r is as followse −jk·r dk x dk y dk z (AII 3). where symbol tilde, ∼, denotes the FT.…”

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confidence: 99%

Numerically Efficient Analysis of Array of Plasmonic Nanorods Illuminated by an Obliquely Incident Plane Wave Using the Characteristic Basis Function Method

Rashidi¹,

Mosallaei²,

Mittra³

2013

Jnl of Comp & Theo Nano

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The goal of this paper is to present a computational scheme to accurately and efficiently characterize reflection and transmission coefficients for a periodic array of plasmonic nanorods illuminated by an obliquely incident plane wave. The problem is formulated by using integral equations and the Method of Moments (MoM) in conjunction with the Characteristic Basis Functions Method (CBFM) to significantly reduce the number of unknowns. The concept of progressively expanding rings is employed along with Parseval's theorem to evaluate the Galerkin's integrals for the periodic structure under consideration. The use of this novel approach offers significant computational advantages over conventional methods using slowly-convergent periodic Green's functions. Closed-form expressions for the reflection and transmission coefficients are derived for a plane wave illuminating the array at an arbitrary angle. The presented numerical method is general and can be applied to other periodic configurations, including metamaterials. The proposed method is validated by comparing it with the results obtained by using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique. Also, we show that the proposed computational scheme achieves a speed performance that is considerably superior to that of the conventional approaches for analyzing the problem at hand.

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“…For an optical emitter placed within the evanescent SPP mode tail, the spontaneous emission probability of the excited energy of an emitter into the surface plasmons is tremendously enhanced [11][12][13][14]. Thus, the controllable strong near-field coupling between emitters and SPPs in metal nanostructures has stimulated a number of studies on nano-plasmonics [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near-field coupling of excited colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) to SPPs in a metallic nanowire (NW) is a challenging problem since nanocrystals are randomly dispersed relative to the metallic nanowire [17]. In this paper, we investigate the spontaneous emission (SE) of the excited energy of one NC in NC aggregation to the SPPs in a nearby metallic nanowire for some specified configurations and for specific transition dipolar orientation of NCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative Spontaneous Emission from Nanocrystals to a Surface Plasmon Polariton in a Metallic Nanowire

Lee¹,

Hong²,

Nam³

et al. 2011

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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We analyze the cooperative spontaneous emission of optically excited nanocrystals into surface plasmon polaritons propagating on the surface of a cylindrical metallic nanowire. The spontaneous emission probability of the nanocrystals is obtained by perturbative expansions with and without dipole-dipole interaction among nanocrystals in order to see the cooperative effects. The spontaneous emission probability depends on the radial and axial distributions, as well as on the dipolar orientation of nanocrystals. It is shown that the spontaneous emission probability is strongly influenced by dipole-dipole interaction, axial distribution, and dipolar orientation of nanocrystals for closely spaced nanocrystals.

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Conjugated Polymer/Metal Nanowire Heterostructure Plasmonic Antennas

Cited by 75 publications

References 34 publications

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

Plasmonic electrodes for bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaics: a review

Numerically Efficient Analysis of Array of Plasmonic Nanorods Illuminated by an Obliquely Incident Plane Wave Using the Characteristic Basis Function Method

Cooperative Spontaneous Emission from Nanocrystals to a Surface Plasmon Polariton in a Metallic Nanowire

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