Conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Relatam-se os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos, patológicos e micológicos de conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso. A doença ocorreu em uma propriedade no município de Nobres, em um rebanho com 40 ovelhas adultas, entre os meses de janeiro a junho de 2007. Aproximadamente 30% dos ovinos da propriedade adoeceram e todos os doentes morreram em curso clínico de 2-5 semanas. O quadro clínico foi caracterizado por apatia, emagrecimento, dificuldade respiratória com dispnéia, respiração ruidosa e oral, secreção nasal mucosa ou sero-sanguinolenta, exoftalmia unilateral, por vezes com cegueira, e morte. Havia desaparecimento de etmoturbinados com substituição por tecido bran-cacento, finamente granular, multilobulado e friável infil-trando-se na lâmina cribiforme, no septo nasal e nas coa-nas em todos os ovinos necropsiados. Lesões similares foram encontradas em linfonodos regionais (2 casos), pulmões (3), encéfalo (2) e em linfonodos do abomaso (1). Microscopicamente havia inflamação granulomatosa da região rinocerebral, caracterizada por necrose, proliferação de tecido conjuntivo, infiltrado de neutrófilos, eosinófilos, células epitelióides e células gigantes multinucleadas freqüentemente circundando material Splendori-Hoeppli, onde havia imagens negativas de hifas. Na impregnação pela Prata-Metenamina, as hifas tinham septos e ramificações escassas e irregulares, com dilatação balonosa terminal e com forte demarcação de contornos. Iso-lou-se de tecido nasal de quatro ovinos Conidiobolus sp.

Epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of sheep conidiobolomycosis in Brazil

“…An irregular nodular proliferation obstructing the choanae, as well as infiltration of the cribriform plate and eye socket causing the protrusion of the eyeball were also reported. Lesions spread to the brain, lungs, lymph nodes, kidneys, heart, and gallbladder were noticed (SILVA et al, 2007b;RIET-CORREA et al, 2008;BOABAID et al, 2008;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). RIET-CORREA et al (2008) reported the rhinofacial infection of sheep conidiobolomycosis in the Brazilian state of Paraíba.…”

“…have hyaline, coenocytic hyphae or shorter hyphal bodies, although septa may be more infrequentthanl the older parts of the mycelium (CHAYAKULKEEREE et al, 2006). Rounded dilations are often seen at the ends of hyphae and these enlargements have been also described in case of conidiobolomycosis (KETTERER et al, 1992;SILVA et al, 2007b, BOABAID et al, 2008. These fungi are characterized by producing asexual spores, which are relatively large globose (CHAYAKULKEEREE et al, 2006).…”

“…In Brazil, the disease is considered endemic in flocks of the Northeast and Midwest regions, being reported in ovine in the states of Piauí (SILVA et al, 2007a,b), Paraíba (RIET-CORREA et al, 2008), Pernambuco (MENDONÇA et al, 2012), and Mato Grosso (BOABAID et al, 2008;DE PAULA et al, 2010). Sporadic cases were also reported in ovine in the Southern region, in the states of Santa Catarina (FURLAN et al, 2010) and Rio Grande do Sul (PEDROSO et al, 2009).…”

“…Table 2 lists the ovine conidiobolomycosis outbreaks reported in Brazil, including the years 1979 to 2014. Epidemiological conditions that determined the occurrence of the disease in sheep in the country were generally associated with periods of high rates of rainfall, temperatures between 19ºC and 36°C, high relative humidity and increased decaying plant matter on the environment (SILVA et al, 2007a;BOABAID et al, 2008;PEDROSO et al, 2009;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). Such conditions favor the proliferation of the fungus and, consequently, increase environmental contamination and predispose susceptible animals to inhalation of conidia.…”

“…In three outbreaks the animals were in Brachiaria spp. pastures (BOABAID et al, 2008;FURLAN et al, 2010;MENDONÇA et al, 2012). This type of vegetation might increase the fungus proliferation in the environment, since this vegetation produces considerable amount of organic matter being an ideal substrate for fungal growth.…”