Conhecimento da diversidade dos Chondrichthyes marinhos no Brasil: a contribuição de José Lima de Figueiredo

Abstract

The diversity of the marine Brazilian Chondrichthyes is focused in historical terms since the beginning of the 20 th century, by the analysis of the main publications produced in Brazil and other American countries with respect to the number of species of sharks, rays and chimaeras occurring in this country. In this context, the first volume of the "Manual de Peixes Marinhos do Sudeste do Brasil", published in 1977 by José Lima de Figueiredo, stands out as a landmark in the knowledge about Brazilian Chondrichthyes. This work included 72 chondrichthyan species, and despite its regional restriction to southeastern Brazil, this figure represented a 34% increment in the number of species previously recorded in faunal studies on the Brazilian coast. Containing identification keys, diagnoses and illustrations, the first volume of the "Manual de Peixes Marinhos do Sudeste" became the main reference for the identification of marine chondrichthyans in Brazil. The present paper presents an overview of the conservation status of the group in Brazil, and as an original contribution, an updated record of the diversity of Brazilian marine Chondrichthyes, totaling 12 orders, 36 families, 79 genera and 165 species.

Deep-Water Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras of Brazil

“…Commercial and scientific cruises were able to capture more than 150 specimens in a couple of trawls, which added to the low fecundity of the species (maximum of 2 embryos per gestation period) [98] makes it a vulnerable animal to any fishery effort. [17,19,26,36,64,99,100]. However, a taxonomic review of this genus is strongly necessary since several misidentifications and descriptions seem to have occurred.…”

“…Other rare deep-water species were recorded along the Brazilian coast, but most of them are known by single records or sporadic captures, e.g., S. [15,30,36,37,58,61,75,85,[107][108][109][110]. These species probably are distributed in deeper waters and are currently inaccessible to the Brazilian deep-water fishery.…”

“…Nineteen species were recorded for the first time in Brazil or described for the continental slope habitat over the past 15 years. The list of species known to occur on the Brazilian continental slope increases significantly every year and suggests that the total number of species is still beyond the current knowledge [17,18,[32][33][34][35][36]. Several recent records were at the genus level (Somniosus, Dalatias, Cirrhigaleus, Centrophorus, Apristurus, Galeus, Parmaturus, Pseudotriakis, Mitsukurina, Benthobatis, Dactylobatus, Cruriraja, Breviraja, and Malacoraja) and four new families were recorded for the first time (Anacanthobatidae, Pseudotriakidae, Centrophoridae, and Mitsukurinidae), [q.v.…”

Reef fishes of the Anchieta Island State Park, Southwestern Atlantic, Brazil

“…Sphyrna lewini, Pseudobatos horkelii and Rhinoptera brasiliensis, and its population status is more critical than that of actinopterygians. With extremely reduced populations, elasmobranchs are curently captured mostly as bycatch (Rosa & Gadig 2014), and therefore deserve specific mitigation measures directed to fisheries targeting other resources (especially longlines, gillnets and trawls). Among actinopterygians, it is remarkable that 83.3% of the recorded epinephelids (groupers) are either CR, EN, VU or NT.…”

Addisonia enodis (Vetigastropoda: Lepetelloidea) associated with an elasmobranch egg capsule from the South Atlantic Ocean and the discovery of the species from deep waters off northeastern Brazil

“…(Ragozzi 1985, Villa 1985, Dantart & Luque 1994, Roldán & Luque 1999, 2010. Arhynchobatidae, with three known species (Bornatowski & Abilhoa 2012), Chimaeridae, with three known species, Scyliorhinidae, with seven known species (S. canicula is not reported for Brazil), and Rajidae, with 28 known species (Rosa & Gadig 2014) are the families (with their respective numbers of species) of oviparous elasmobranchs recorded for the Brazilian coast (Bornatowski & Abilhoa 2012, Rosa & Gadig 2014. In general, members of these groups are demersal, living from the continental shelf down to the continental slope.…”