Congenital Triangular Alopecia

Lacarrubba, Francesco; Verzì, Anna Elisa; Nasca, Maria Rita; Micali, Giuseppe

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71168-3_23

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The diagnosis of CTA is mainly clinical, but trichoscopy and histopathology also provides additional clues. Various trichoscopic features include follicular features like vellus hair, white hair, hair diameter diversity; interfollicular features like arborising vessels, honeycomb pigment networks; and non-follicular features like epidermal scaling 7–9. Vellus hair is the most sensitive feature though not specific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital symmetrical circumscribed patterned non-scarring alopecia of eyebrows: a variant of congenital triangular alopecia or an anatomical variation?

et al. 2019

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Triangular alopecia presents as a unilateral triangular-shaped non-scarring alopecia usually involving the temporal scalp. There are few reports of occipital scalp involvement and bilateral disease. Usually it is seen at 2–3 years of age but occasionally can be present at birth. Here we present a unique case of triangular alopecia involving the eyebrows in a 23-year-old man. He had bilateral symmetrical involvement since birth. Points in favour of triangular alopecia in our case were non-scarring alopecia, oval-to-triangular shape, fringe of terminal hair at superior margin; trichoscopy showing significant decrease in hair diameter diversity with increased number of vellus and intermediate hair and histopathology showing normal hair follicle density and increased vellus and intermediate hair (miniaturisation) with absence of inflammation on histopathology. Other differential diagnoses kept were partial duplication of eyebrows, congenital alopecia areata and mild form of ectodermal dysplasia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital symmetrical circumscribed patterned non-scarring alopecia of eyebrows: a variant of congenital triangular alopecia or an anatomical variation?

et al. 2019

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“…Diagnosis can be made based on a complete history and physical examination, however scalp dermoscopy may be beneficial in ruling out other etiologies. Dermoscopic features of the alopecic patch include an absence of mature terminal hairs and the presence of white hairs, vellus hairs, hairs of varying diameters, a normal or decreased hair follicle density, and normal follicular openings [1][2][3]5,8,12]. Although a biopsy is unnecessary for diagnosis, histologic findings often include "miniaturized" follicles; a feature also present in androgenic alopecia [3].…”

confidence: 99%

Focal Asymptomatic Hair Loss in an Adolescent: A Case Report

Mendes¹,

Morrell²

2019

J Pediatr Neonatal

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Background: There are various causes of non-scarring alopecia in the pediatric population. Temporal triangular alopecia is a rare condition that may be easily misdiagnosed without careful history and examination. Case Presentation: We present a case of asymptomatic hair loss in a pediatric patient and a review of non-scarring causes of alopecia commonly seen in the primary care setting. The patient denied known trauma, life stressors, or hair pulling. Clinical findings included a focal triangular-shaped patch of non-scarring alopecia involving the frontotemporal scalp. He was found to have temporal triangular alopecia and was counseled regarding its nonprogressive nature and poor prognosis for hair regrowth. Conclusion: We believe this case to be relevant to primary care providers and other clinicians in the diagnosis and management of an uncommon cause of alopecia in the pediatric population.

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“…93,128 In most cases, dermoscopy may be useful for the differential diagnosis with NS. 41,[129][130][131]…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nevus Sebaceous Syndrome

et al. 2018

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Nevus sebaceous (NS) is a hamartomatous disorder of the skin and adjacent tissues characterized by epidermal, follicular, sebaceous, and apocrine gland abnormalities. It occurs in approximately 1 in 1,000 live births. A hyperactivation of Ras pathways has been recently assumed to be the cause of this phenotype. NS lesions may be isolated or coupled with extracutaneous manifestations, mostly of the central nervous, ocular, and skeletal systems, or kidneys; in this case, the term “NS syndrome” is used. Cutaneous distribution of NS usually follows the linear patterns known as “lines of Blaschko,” with lines that do not follow the segmental trajectory of the peripheral sensory nerves but instead reflect the streams or trends of growth of embryonic tissues. Histological characteristics of the lesions appear to be actually more decisive than the clinical evaluation to distinguish between the types of epidermal nevus: the typical NS has both papillated epidermal hyperplasia and a predominance of subjacent abnormal follicular–sebaceous glands.Seizures, mental retardation, and/or cognitive developmental delay are the most common neurologic abnormalities associated with NS and usually are present within the first months of life; eye and skeletal involvement may be present as well.The definitive treatment of NS is full-thickness excision. However, the necessity and timing of excision to prevent possible future malignancy are not clear; lasers and photodynamic therapy are alternatives currently being explored for the treatment of NS, with varying degrees of success.

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Congenital Triangular Alopecia

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Congenital symmetrical circumscribed patterned non-scarring alopecia of eyebrows: a variant of congenital triangular alopecia or an anatomical variation?

Congenital symmetrical circumscribed patterned non-scarring alopecia of eyebrows: a variant of congenital triangular alopecia or an anatomical variation?

Focal Asymptomatic Hair Loss in an Adolescent: A Case Report

Nevus Sebaceous Syndrome

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