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Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic cutaneous fungal infection commonly caused by Fonsacea and Cladophialophora spp. Dermoscopy is a non-invasive, real-time diagnostic tool for rapid bedside diagnosis of various inflammatory and non-inflammatory disorders and can be an excellent modality for evaluation of cutaneous mycosis, for which it shows characteristic brown dots, crust, scales and yellow orange structures.

PICL is a safe, effective and reliable method of providing prolonged IV access in newborns. It also has the least incidence of complications during insertion and maintenance over prolonged period of time when compared to CL and should be recommended for routine use in neonatal surgical patients.

Though rare, boys with impalpable undescended testes may develop germ cell tumors early in childhood. These can be managed with chemotherapy and resection and have a good disease free outcome.

Background: Lichen planus pigmentosus can have a negative impact on the quality of life; however, this has not been studied in detail. Objectives: To study the quality of life in patients with lichen planus pigmentosus and compare it with patients with vitiligo and melasma. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary-care center in north India from January 2018 to May 2019. Patients ≥ 18 years of age with lichen planus pigmentosus (n = 125), vitiligo (n = 113) and melasma (n = 121) completed the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire and answered a global question on the effect of disease on their lives. In addition, patients with vitiligo completed the Vitiligo Impact Scale (VIS)-22 questionnaire, while those with lichen planus pigmentosus and melasma filled a modified version of VIS-22. Results: The mean DLQI scores in patients with lichen planus pigmentosus, vitiligo and melasma were 10.9 ± 5.95, 9.73 ± 6.51 and 8.39 ± 5.92, respectively, the difference being statistically significant only between lichen planus pigmentosus and melasma (P < 0.001). The corresponding mean modified VIS-22/VIS-22 scores were 26.82 ± 11.89, 25.82 ± 14.03 and 18.87 ± 11.84, respectively. This difference was statistically significant between lichen planus pigmentosus and melasma, and between vitiligo and melasma (P < 0.001 for both). As compared to vitiligo, patients with lichen planus pigmentosus had a significantly greater impact on “symptoms and feelings” domain (P < 0.001) on DLQI, and on “social interactions” (P = 0.02) and “depression” (P = 0.04) domains on VIS-22. As compared to melasma, patients with lichen planus pigmentosus had significantly higher scores for “symptoms and feelings,” “daily activities,” “leisure” and “work and school” domains of DLQI, and all domains of VIS-22. Female gender was more associated with impairment in quality of life in patients with lichen planus pigmentosus, while lower education, marriage, younger age and increasing disease duration showed a directional trend. Limitations: Use of DLQI and modified version of VIS-22 scales in the absence of a pigmentary disease-specific quality-of-life instrument. Conclusion: Patients with lichen planus pigmentosus have a significantly impaired quality of life. The psychosocial burden of lichen planus pigmentosus is quantitatively similar to that of vitiligo, but significantly greater than melasma.

INTRODUCTIONBronchogenic carcinoma was considered to be rare in the beginning of the century but has now reached epidemic proportions. This dramatic increase correlates with the widespread prevalence of cigarette smoking.1 Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality for both men and women, responsible for more deaths than prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers combined.2 Physical symptoms such as fever, cough, expectoration, haemoptysis, weight loss and anorexia are common to lung cancer. However, age of the patient, smoking history, mediastinal symptoms such as hoarseness of voice, SVC obstruction and dysphagia favours the diagnosis of lung cancer. On examination, there may be signs of collapse or mass, clubbing and metastatic and non-metastatic complications of lung cancer. 1 WHO classified bronchogenic carcinoma into four major cell types which makes up 88% of all primary lung neoplasm. These are squamous or epidermoid carcinoma, ABSTRACT Background: Bronchogenic carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer deaths in developed countries and is rising at alarming rates in developing countries. Deaths due to lung cancer are more than those due to colorectal, breast and prostate cancers put together. CT remains the routine imaging procedure for determining resectability and assessing intra-and extra thoracic spread of lung cancer. Methods: 30 patients with strong clinical / radiological suspicious of bronchogenic carcinoma were included in this study. MDCT was carried out and its provisional diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma was correlated with pathological diagnosis obtained on bronchoscopic biopsy / CT guided FNAC. Results: Patient's age ranged between 45 to 80 years with the mean age of 59 years. There was significant male preponderance (26 males) with smoking being the most common risk factor (83.3%). Cough (83.3%) and dyspnea (80%) were the commonest symptoms. The most common radiological manifestation was central hilar mass seen in 20 (66.6%) patients and peripheral mass seen in 10 (33.3%) patients. Provisional CT diagnosis was found in complete correlation with pathological diagnosis made on bronchoscopy biopsy/ CT guided FNAC in 28 (93.3%) patients and others 2 patients diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis, non caseating granulomatous inflammation on histopathological diagnosis. Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest histopathological type seen in 16 (53.3%) patients followed by adenocarcinoma seen in 8 (26.6%) patients. Conclusions: Multidetector computed tomography plays an important role in evaluating and staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.CT had the high predictive value in evaluating bronchogenic carcinoma and found to be 93.3%.

Background Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor seen in children as well as adults. The congenital variety is rare and out of the reported cases only one case sited in the neck has been reported so far. Another such case is presented here who was successfully managed. Case presentation A 3-month-old Hindu baby boy presented with a congenital neck swelling. The apparent clinical diagnosis was lympho-venous malformation. With a remote possibility of malignancy, an excisional biopsy was done. Histopathology revealed congenital infantile fibrosarcoma. Conclusion A successful excision of cervical congenital infantile fibrosarcoma has not been reported. This diagnosis should be kept as a possibility in all congenital cervical swellings. These are commonly misdiagnosed as lympho-venous malformations and histopathology is confirmatory.

Trichoepithelioma is a benign tumor of follicular unit. It has been rarely described as the cause of leonine facies. We are presenting a classical case of multiple familial trichoepitheliomas (MFTs) with characteristic histopathological features leading to leonine facies.