Congenital toxoplasmosis—prenatal aspects of Toxoplasma gondii infection

Rorman, Efrat; Stein‐Zamir, Chen; Rilkis, Irena; Ben-David, Hilla

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.10.006

Cited by 167 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…3,4 In addition, congenital disease can occur in fetuses of mothers primarily infected with T. gondii during pregnancy. 5 Three major strains (types I, II, and III) of T. gondii demonstrate widespread distribution. Type II is by far the most prevalent genotype in human congenital toxoplasmosis, although type I is most often associated with severe congenital toxoplasmosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Human Placental Explants Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Depends on Gestational Age

Gomes¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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Because macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key cytokine in pregnancy and has a role in inflammatory response and pathogen defense, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of MIF in first-and third-trimester human placental explants infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Explants were treated with recombinant MIF, IL-12, interferon-␥, transforming growth factor-␤1, or IL-10, followed by infection with T. gondii RH strain tachyzoites. Supernatants of cultured explants were assessed for MIF production. Explants were processed for morphologic analysis, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR analysis. Comparison of infected and stimulated explants versus noninfected control explants demonstrated a significant increase in MIF release in first-trimester but not third-trimester explants. Tissue parasitism was higher in third-than in first-trimester explants. Moreover, T. gondii DNA content was lower in first-trimester explants treated with MIF compared with untreated explants. However, in third-trimester explants, MIF stimulus decreased T. gondii DNA content only at the highest concentration of the cytokine. In addition, high expression of MIF receptor was observed in first-trimester placental explants, whereas MIF receptor expression was low in third-trimester explants. In conclusion, MIF was up-regulated and demonstrated to be important for control of T. gondii infection in first-trimester explants, whereas lack of MIF up-regulation in third-trimester placentas may be involved in higher susceptibility to infection at this gestational age.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Human Placental Explants Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Depends on Gestational Age

Gomes¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…It remains the primary approach to achieve satisfactory results [10]. The production and appearance of each antibody isotype are correlated with the immune response after the infection, thus, the determination whether the host has got Toxoplasma infection or not can be achieved simply by monitoring the immune response especially humoral immunity.…”

Section: Serodiagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many serological tests have been designed to measure different types of antibody, which show unique increases and decreases during or after infection [12]. All immunoglobulin isotypes have been used successfully in T. gondii serodiagnosis, including IgG, IgM IgA, and IgE [10]. Specific T. gondii IgM is considered as early and sensitive diagnostic marker that correlates with the occurrences of acute toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Serodiagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they produced during the first weeks of infection, and disappear early [9]. There are various serological procedures have been established for the detection of anti T. gondii antibodies; these include Sabin-Feldman dye test (SFDT), indirect fluorescent assay (IFA), agglutination tests, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), or a combination of these methods are also required for determining recent and previous infections [9,10,12].…”

Section: Serodiagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though SFDT is the first assay developed for the laboratory investigation of T. gondii infection [10], but still considered as "gold standard" with high sensitivity and specificity [15]. The principle of the assay is based on incubating live tachyzoites with patient serum and complement.…”

Section: Sabin-feldman Dye Test (Sfdt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective Diagnostic Marker for Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii Infection: New Developments and Perspectives

Mohamed¹,

Hajissa²

2017

Toxoplasmosis

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Toxoplasmosis is a prevalent parasitic infection caused by an obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Various methods have been established in the laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Among these methods, serological tests are common and provide satisfactory results. However, producing reliable reagents and standard antigen remains difficult and expensive. Replacing native antigens in all current diagnostic kits with standard and reliable reagents are speculated to achieve more sensitive and specific detection that can significantly improve the assay performance. This review provides updated data on toxoplasmosis serodiagnosis. It focuses on the recent trends of producing reliable and standard antigens that have been used in the serological tests of toxoplasmosis, as well as the future direction in this field.

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Prenatal education for congenital toxoplasmosis

Mario¹,

Basevi²,

Gagliotti

et al. 2006

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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1 SaPeRiDoc, Primary health care, general medicine, planning and development of health services, Regional health authority of Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy. 2 SaPeRiDoc, Primary health care, general medicine, planning and development of health services, Emilia-Romagna Regional health authority, A B S T R A C T BackgroundCongenital toxoplasmosis is considered a rare but potentially severe infection. Prenatal education about congenital toxoplasmosis could be the most efficient and least harmful intervention, yet its effectiveness is uncertain. ObjectivesTo assess the effects of prenatal education for preventing congenital toxoplasmosis. Search methodsWe searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (31 May 2015), and reference lists of relevant papers, reviews and websites. Selection criteriaRandomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials of all types of prenatal education on toxoplasmosis infection during pregnancy. Cluster-randomized trials were eligible for inclusion. Data collection and analysisTwo review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data and checked them for accuracy. Main resultsTwo cluster-randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (involving a total of 5455 women) met the inclusion criteria. The two included trials measured the effectiveness of the intervention in different ways, which meant that meta-analysis of the results was not possible. The overall quality of the two studies, as assessed using the GRADE approach, was low, with high risk of detection and attrition bias in both included trials.One trial (432 women enrolled) conducted in Canada was judged of low methodological quality. This trial did not report on any of the review's pre-specified primary outcomes and the secondary outcomes reported results only as P values. Moreover, losses to follow-1 Prenatal education for congenital toxoplasmosis (Review)

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Congenital toxoplasmosis—prenatal aspects of Toxoplasma gondii infection

Cited by 167 publications

References 128 publications

Effect of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Human Placental Explants Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Depends on Gestational Age

Effect of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in Human Placental Explants Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Depends on Gestational Age

Effective Diagnostic Marker for Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii Infection: New Developments and Perspectives

Prenatal education for congenital toxoplasmosis

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