Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO): A Review

Vagge, Aldo; Desideri, Lorenzo Ferro; Nucci, Paolo; Serafino, Massimiliano; Giannaccare, Giuseppe; Lembo, Andrea; Traverso, Carlo Enrico

doi:10.3390/diseases6040096

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Congenital NLD obstruction is found relatively frequently. In the current study out of total 50 premature children 34 (68%) had an evidence of CNLDO while only 21 (42%) of the full term born children (P=2.9E-05) had congenital Dacryocystitis and these observations were similar to those made Lorena S et al which were compared to the CNLDO in the premature and full term children showed that of the 200 premature children, 32 (16%) had CNLDO compared with 7 (3.5%) of the 200 full-term infants (P < 0.0001) [7]. Male preponderance was observed in the present study, 60% patients were male.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The study of risk factor for congenital dacryocystitis

Singh¹,

Raghuwanshi²,

Satiza³

2019

Trop J Ophthalmol Otolaryngol

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Background: Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is inflammation of lacrimal sac due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children. Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a common disorder in infants, with up to 20% of all newborns suffering from epiphora during the first year of life. The purpose of this study is examining the various risk factors in patients of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Method: In this study, 121 patients were examined in L.N. Medical College and J.K Hospital, Kolar Road, Bhopal between June to July to August 2015.A clinical examination was being conducted in the children below age of 3 years after the history taking started by torch light examination, slit lamp examination, and the regurgitation test was being done. All the other conditions which presented like complaints of congenital Dacryocystitis like-Opthalmia Neonatorum, Congenital Glaucoma, allergic conjunctivitis, trauma to eye were being ruled out. Mothers of the children were asked to fill the Questionnaire about risk factor of Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The awareness about the disease in the mothers via the above questionnaire whether the mothers were familiar with the disease or not was asked. Results: 121 patients were seen over the period under review out of which 60% were males. Most common age at the presentation was between 0 to 2 months. 2 significant risk factors were observed, Prematurity and Poor hygienic status in this study. Conclusion: Current study done to find association of various risk factors. A further study is needed in this field to find any other risk factors responsible for the high incidence of congenital Dacryocystitis and all the mothers need to be educated regarding these risk factors, and awareness should be created in the mothers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The study of risk factor for congenital dacryocystitis

Singh¹,

Raghuwanshi²,

Satiza³

2019

Trop J Ophthalmol Otolaryngol

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“…In children with congenital lacrimal stenosis and epiphora persisting after simple probing, the method has excellent results with success rates >90%, as shown in a large review article (Vagge et al. ). Few studies report the outcome for adults with acquired lacrimal drainage obstruction (ALDO), and the success rate varies depending on site of obstruction, length of follow‐up and if the obstruction is partial or complete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Long‐term outcome of lacrimal stent intubation for complete acquired lacrimal drainage obstructions

Bohman

Kugelberg

Kopp

2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To investigate long-term outcome and report reoperation rate of noninfected, complete acquired lacrimal drainage obstruction (ALDO) treated with canaliculodacryocystoplasty (CDCP) depending on site of stenosis. Method: Consecutive adult patients with non-infected, complete ALDO treated with CDCP were followed for 76 months. Location of stenosis at preoperative visit and intraoperative probing was recorded, and during follow-up, recurrence of stenosis prompting additional surgery and complications were noted. Survival analysis was applied to compare reoperation rate depending on site of stenosis. A follow-up questionnaire was sent to patients not requiring reoperation asking to grade current epiphora problems. Results: Among 85 included cases (71 patients), 57 were classified as canalicular stenosis and 28 as nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) preoperatively. At the end of follow-up, 39% (33/85) of cases had required additional surgery due to persistent/recurrent symptoms. No statistical difference was found between these groups.During CDCP, 25 of the 57 preoperatively classified canalicular stenosis were found to have an additional obstruction below the sac. The group with only canalicular stenosis had a statistically significant higher survival compared with cases with NLDO or multiple obstructions (p = 0.03). Of patients responding to the follow-up questionnaire, 11/37 cases experienced epiphora often or constant. Conclusion: Treating complete NLDO with CDCP results in a high reoperation rate and seems an insufficient alternative. Canaliculodacryocystoplasty (CDCP) may be discussed if preoperative examination indicates canalicular stenosis and dacryocystorhinostomy is not desirable. However, the patient needs to be aware of the higher risk for additional surgery, especially if a second stenosis is found during probing.

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“…Probing, intubation and DCR are the preferential surgical treatments for both CNLDO and ANDLO, respectively. [ 6 , 23 – 25 ] The disadvantages of these methods should not be neglected, such as false passage formation, punctum erosion, prolapsed tube, traumatic obstruction, and formation of pyogenic granuloma. [ 26 , 27 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Hasner valvulotomy outcomes in pediatric and adult patients: does age matter?

Sun

Ding²,

et al. 2020

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background Hasner valve incision has been recently introduced as a new treatment for ophthalmic patients with epiphora symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine whether surgical outcomes of Hasner valve incision for inferior nasolacrimal duct obstruction were different between pediatric and adult patients. Methods A total of 53 eyes of 52 patients who underwent Hasner valve incision in the Beijing Tongren Hospital from October 2016 to November 2019 were retrospectively observed. Patients were divided into two groups, including pediatric group (23 eyes of 22 patients, <18 years old) and adult group (30 eyes of 30 patients, ≥18 years old). Success rate of surgery was determined by both subjective measure (complete resolution of epiphora) and objective measure (lacrimal passage irrigation and tear meniscus height). Fisher exact test was conducted. Results By conducting Fisher exact test and comparing complete resolution of epiphora ( P = 0.627), lacrimal passage irrigation ( P = 0.663), measurement of Tear Meniscus Height ( P = 0.561), and appearance of complication ( P = 0.339), there was no statistically significant difference of surgical outcomes between pediatric and adult patients ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Hasner valve incision was effective for both adult and children with inferior nasolacrimal duct obstruction, with no difference in surgical outcomes between the two groups.

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Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction (CNLDO): A Review

Cited by 66 publications

References 76 publications

The study of risk factor for congenital dacryocystitis

The study of risk factor for congenital dacryocystitis

Long‐term outcome of lacrimal stent intubation for complete acquired lacrimal drainage obstructions

Comparison of Hasner valvulotomy outcomes in pediatric and adult patients: does age matter?

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