Congenital lobar emphysema in a kitten

Blonk, M. C.; Maele, Isabel Van de; Combes, Anaïs; Stablay, B.; Cock, H. De; Polis, Ingeborgh; Rybachuk, Galena; Rooster, H. de

doi:10.1111/jsap.12668

Cited by 6 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In infants suffering from CLE, surgical excision with compensatory lung growth results in a favourable prognosis, as does conservative symptomatic therapy in mildly affected individuals 17 20. Surgical removal of the affected lung lobe is currently the only treatment option in affected veterinary patients 4 6–9. In the present case, as all lung lobes were equivalently affected, the decision was made to humanely euthanase the dog.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…CLE is a rare malformation which has been well described in young infants and dogs, and sparsely reported in cats 1–9. In the veterinary literature, CLE has predominantly been reported in young patients between six weeks and six months of age 2–11. However, a few reports have also been described in adult dogs and cats 1 12–14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CLE is defined as a congenital overexpansion of one or multiple pulmonary lobes, most commonly due to congenital bronchial cartilage dysplasia, hypoplasia or aplasia, resulting in a valve mechanism (dynamic collapse). The air is trapped in the lower respiratory tract and peripheral emphysematous bullae form via gas accumulation 1 5–9 11 12 15 16…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the vast majority of CLE cases, only one lung lobe is involved. The right middle lung lobe has been reported to be the most commonly affected in dogs and cats, followed by the left cranial lung lobe 1–9. Previous scant reports also described CLE of multiple lobes in dogs 11 12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a rare malformation previously described in people, dogs and cats, predominantly at a young age. It is characterised by overexpansion of one or, rarely, multiple lung lobes, and affects most commonly the right middle lung lobe followed by the left cranial lung lobe 1–9. Surgical removal of the affected lung lobe is currently the only treatment option in affected veterinary patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiographic, computed tomographic and histopathological characteristics of multilobar congenital pulmonary emphysema in a puppy

Bouyssou

Sanz

Marchesi

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 10-week-old male entire Labrador retriever was presented for evaluation of acute-onset coughing and respiratory distress. Radiographic and CT examination of the thorax revealed the presence of multifocal and numerous gas-filled cystic lesions throughout the lung field and a mild pneumothorax. Gross pathological and histopathological findings were consistent with congenital lobar emphysema due to bronchial cartilage dysplasia/hypoplasia and possible congenital bronchiectasis. This is the first report describing combined radiographic and CT characteristics of a rare case of multilobar congenital pulmonary emphysema in a puppy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Radiographic, computed tomographic and histopathological characteristics of multilobar congenital pulmonary emphysema in a puppy

Bouyssou

Sanz

Marchesi

et al. 2020

Vet Record Case Reports

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Imaging findings in 14 dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema

Warwick¹,

Guillem

Batchelor

et al. 2021

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Lobar emphysema in dogs and cats is caused by bronchial collapse during expiration and subsequent air trapping. Congenital causes such as bronchial cartilage defects or acquired causes such as compressive neoplastic lesions have been reported. Morbidity results from hyperinflation of the affected lung lobe and compression of adjacent thoracic structures.Objective: To describe patient characteristics and imaging findings in dogs and cats with lobar emphysema.Animals: Fourteen dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema diagnosed by imaging findings were retrospectively identified from veterinary referral hospital populations over a 10-year period.Methods: Cases that included thoracic radiography, thoracic computed tomography (CT), or both were included. All images were reviewed by a European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging diplomate. Relevant case information included signalment, clinical findings, treatment, and histopathology where available.Results: Ten of 17 (59%) patients were presented for evaluation of dyspnea and 6 (35%) for coughing. Eleven (65%) patients were <3 years of age. The right middle lung lobe was affected in 12 cases (71%) and multiple lobes were affected in 7 cases (41%). Congenital lobar emphysema was suspected in 14 cases (82%). Conclusion and ClinicalImportance: Lung lobe hyperinflation, atelectasis of nonaffected lung lobes, mediastinal shift, and thoracic wall and diaphragmatic wall deformation were common findings. Lobar or multilobar emphysema should be considered in patients with dyspnea or coughing, particularly younger patients. Although radiography is useful, CT provides better detail. In older patients, acquired causes of bronchial compression should be considered.

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Developmental lung disease in a cat associated with high probability of severe pulmonary hypertension: natural history, histopathology and genetic analysis

Nebel,

Williams,

Lyons

et al. 2024

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary This report describes the diagnostic findings, natural history and genetic analysis of the candidate gene Forkhead Box F1 ( FOXF1) in a young cat with developmental lung disease and high probability of pulmonary hypertension. A 1-year-old male entire Chartreux cat was referred for cardiac murmur investigation and exercise intolerance. Echocardiography identified a high-velocity tricuspid regurgitant jet with right-sided cardiac changes, supporting a high probability of pulmonary hypertension. No congenital cardiac shunts or left-sided cardiac changes were found to support a primary cardiac cause of pulmonary hypertension. Extensive laboratory work, thoracic radiographs and CT were performed. Histopathological characterisation (lung biopsy and later post mortem) was necessary to reach the final diagnosis. Eight months after diagnosis, the cat developed right-sided congestive heart failure, eventually leading to euthanasia. Survival from diagnosis to death was 12 months. Relevance and novel information Developmental lung disease belongs to a group of diffuse lung diseases in humans associated with pulmonary hypertension. The veterinary literature describing lung growth disorders in cats is sparse, and the present report provides information on clinical presentation and progression alongside a thorough diagnostic workup, which may aid clinicians in identifying this condition. Lung biopsy was pivotal in reaching the final diagnosis. No causal variants in FOXF1 were identified.

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Congenital lobar emphysema in a kitten

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Radiographic, computed tomographic and histopathological characteristics of multilobar congenital pulmonary emphysema in a puppy

Radiographic, computed tomographic and histopathological characteristics of multilobar congenital pulmonary emphysema in a puppy

Imaging findings in 14 dogs and 3 cats with lobar emphysema

Developmental lung disease in a cat associated with high probability of severe pulmonary hypertension: natural history, histopathology and genetic analysis

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