Conformal Radiation Therapy for Childhood CNS Tumors

Kirsch, David G.; Tarbell, Nancy J.

doi:10.1634/theoncologist.9-4-442

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In the head and neck region ERBT can result in hearing loss, facial hypoplasia, developmental delay, xerostomia, dental problems, problems with the pituitary/hypothalamic hormones and second malignancies. [12,13] Brachytherapy is comparatively less damaging because of the localized mechanism of action, which should spare the surrounding tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the External Ear Canal Treated with Brachytherapy

Qureshi¹,

Farooki²,

O’Suoji³

2016

WVMJ

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Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. RMS of the ear usually involves the middle ear cavity. Treatment usually involves surgery, multi drug chemotherapy regimen, and high dose external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). We present a case of a 17-month-old Caucasian female with an unusual presentation of RMS localized to her external ear canal only, which was initially believed to be an otitis media. Treatment consisted of a regimen involving brachytherapy as the radiation modality rather than EBRT. The goal of brachytherapy use is to decrease morbidity associated with radiation of the head and vital organs in developing children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the External Ear Canal Treated with Brachytherapy

Qureshi¹,

Farooki²,

O’Suoji³

2016

WVMJ

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“…New developments in RT enabled to shape the radiation dose conform to the tumor target, limiting the dose to normal tissues, resulting in so-called conformal RT. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) allows even greater control over the shape of the dose distribution using variable intensities of the radiation beam (10,11). In an effort to complement the beneficial effects of corticosteroids and RT, systemic chemotherapeutic agents were also studied (3).…”

Section: Treatment Of Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cancer, there is often an increase in the cellular transport and phosphorylation of choline, as well as an increase in the expression of CK, increasing the uptake of radiolabeled choline (87)(88)(89). Choline can be labeled with either 11 C or 18 F. As a tracer, 11 C-Cho is biochemically indistinguishable from natural choline; however, the short half-life of 11 C has led to the development of 18 F-labeled derivatives, such as 18 F-Fluoromethylcholine ( 18 F-FCho) (90,91). Previous in vitro studies have clearly documented that these fluorinated choline analogues are suitable substrates for the enzyme CK (90,92), although the rate of their incorporation in phospholipids may be slower than that of endogenous choline (93).…”

Section: F-fluoromethylcholine ( F-fcho)mentioning

confidence: 99%

PET for Therapy Response Assessment in Glioblastoma

et al. 2017

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Glioblastoma (GB) is the most malignant and the most common type of glioma in adults, accounting for 60-70% of all malignant gliomas. Despite the current therapy, the clinical course of GB is usually rapid, with a mean survival time of approximately 1 year. For therapy response assessment in GB, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method of choice. In 2010, the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) was introduced, including the tumor size (in 2D) as measured on T2-weighted and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR)-weighted images, in addition to the contrast-enhancing tumor part. Although the RANO criteria addressed some of the limitations of the previous MacDonald criteria for therapy evaluation in high-grade glioma, treatment-related side effects hamper correct response assessment. To address the above-mentioned drawbacks in the follow-up of GB, incorporating changes in tumor biology measured by advanced MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, which may precede anatomical changes of the tumor volume, is promising. Imaging biomarkers capable of predicting response at an early time point after treatment initiation are the premise of personalized treatment enabling change or GB Treatment Response Using PET 176 discontinuation of therapy to prevent ineffective treatment or adverse events of treatment. In this chapter, an overview of applicable PET tracers for the therapy response assessment in GB and the determination of tumor recurrence versus treatment-related effects is given.

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“…High dose ionizing radiation causes water radiolysis and elevated levels of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to DNA double strand breakage, and oxidative modifications of DNA, proteins and lipids [3]. Many of the ionizing radiation studies have shown that high dose radiation exposure of brain causes loss of cognitive function and memory [4; 5; 6; 7; 8]. Neurotransmission networks are highly susceptible and sensitive to irradiation [9; 10; 11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion mobility-enhanced MSE-based label-free analysis reveals effects of low-dose radiation post contextual fear conditioning training on the mouse hippocampal proteome

Huang

Wickramasekara

Akinyeke

et al. 2016

Journal of Proteomics

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Recent advances in the field of biodosimetry have shown that the response of biological systems to ionizing radiation is complex and depends on the type and dose of radiation, the tissue(s) exposed, and the time lapsed after exposure. The biological effects of low dose radiation on learning and memory are not well understood. An ion mobility-enhanced data-independent acquisition (MSE) approach in conjunction with the IsoQuant software tool was utilized for label-free quantification of hippocampal proteins with the goal of determining protein alteration associated with low-dose whole body ionizing radiation (X-rays, 1 Gy) of 5.5-month-old male C57BL/6J mice post contextual fear conditioning training. Global proteome analysis revealed deregulation of 73 proteins (out 399 proteins). Deregulated proteins indicated adverse effects of irradiation on myelination and perturbation of energy metabolism pathways involving a shift from the TCA cycle to glutamate oxidation. Our findings also indicate that proteins associated with synaptic activity, including vesicle recycling and neurotransmission, were altered in the irradiated mice. The elevated LTP and decreased LTD suggest improved synaptic transmission and enhanced efficiency of neurotransmitter release which would be consistent with the observed comparable contextual fear memory performance of the mice following post-training whole body or sham-irradiation.

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Conformal Radiation Therapy for Childhood CNS Tumors

Cited by 48 publications

References 36 publications

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the External Ear Canal Treated with Brachytherapy

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the External Ear Canal Treated with Brachytherapy

PET for Therapy Response Assessment in Glioblastoma

Ion mobility-enhanced MSE-based label-free analysis reveals effects of low-dose radiation post contextual fear conditioning training on the mouse hippocampal proteome

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