Conflict theory and police killings∗

Chamlin, Mitchell B.

doi:10.1080/01639625.1989.9967822

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…That is, the relative numbers of African Americans in the county population is a pervasive, enduring aspect of the social context that should exert robust effects. Moreover, the relative numbers of African Americans in the county population have never been considered more distal in time and space from specific instances of the police use of deadly force (Chamlin, 1989) or specific instances of executions (Phillips, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is possible that with other phenomena of intergroup hostility (i.e., police brutality, military action, or ethnic cleansing) an interaction may occur between population concentration and the size of the group. It remains for future research to examine the relative contributions of different facets of the social context to more recent examples of the darker side of intergroup relations, including hate crimes (Stanko, 2004), ethnic cleansing (Caspary, 2005), and genocide (Dutton, Boyanowski, & Bond, 2005), police brutality in crowd control (Chamlin, 1989), and military brutality during periods of occupation (Dutton et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This threat stimulates a rational response on the part of the European Americans to exercise control over the growing African American population. Various oppressive and discriminatory behaviors have been interpreted as indicative of these rational efforts to exert social control, including police use of deadly force (Chamlin, 1989), executions (Phillips, 1986), and lynchings (Reed, 1972).…”

Section: The Power Threat Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Without Mercy: The Immediate Impact of Group Size on Lynch Mob Atrocity

Leader

Mullen

Abrams

2007

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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Two independent research traditions have focused on social contributions to lynching. The sociological power threat hypothesis has argued that lynching atrocity will increase as a function of the relative number of African Americans. The psychological self-attention theory has argued that lynching atrocity will increase as a function of the relative number of mob members. Two series of analyses (one using newspaper reports and the second using photographic records) using different and nonoverlapping samples of lynching events rendered a consistent pattern of results: Lynch mob atrocity did not increase as a function of the relative numbers of African Americans in the county population but it did increase as a function of the relative numbers of mob members in the lynch mob. Discussion considers the implications of these results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Power Threat Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Without Mercy: The Immediate Impact of Group Size on Lynch Mob Atrocity

Leader

Mullen

Abrams

2007

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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“…Studies have linked racial threat (via the relative size of the black population) to police use of deadly force (Chamlin, 1989), the death penalty (Phillips, 1986;Jacobs & Carmichael, 2002), interracial killings (Jacobs & Wood, 1999), other types of social control over blacks outside of the criminal justice system, such as lynching (Corzine, Creech, & Huff-Corzine, 1983;Corzine, Huff-Corzine, & Creech,1988;Tolnay, Beck, & Massey, 1989), as well as fear of crime (Quillian & Pager, 2001). Moreover, researchers have found that the size of the minority population is directly related to heightened use of official social control (see Jackson & Carroll, 1981;Brown & Warner, 1992;Eitle, D'Alessio, & Stolzenberg, 2002).…”

Section: * Theoretical Argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial Threat, Urban Conditions and Police Use of Force: Assessing the Direct and Indirect Linkages across Multiple Urban Areas

Parker

MacDonald

Jennings

et al. 2005

Justice Research and Policy

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Traditionally explanations of police use of force have relied on a racial threat perspective. Tests of this perspective, however, typically offer a single indicator of threat (the relative size of the black population) and fail to adequately take into account the complex relationship between racial threat and police use of force. Drawing on racial threat, social disorganization, and police use of force literature, this study hypothesizes that macro-level patterns in police use of force are embedded in the racial and structural composition of cities and the organizational climate of local politics and police departments. The present study examines these relationships using official police use of force data collected in 73 large U.S. cities. Structural equation analyses suggest that structural indicators associated with racial threat and social disorganization/disadvantage impact police use of force indirectly through the influence of police organizational factors. On the other hand, the political climate and the level of social disorganization in urban areas have a direct bearing on the rates of police use of force. The implications of these findings for research and theory on police use of force are discussed.

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“…Importantly, for a homicide offender to be considered a farright extremist and included in our study (see footnote 10 for list of extremist indicators), the offender must also be charged in relation to an anti-police killing or killed following a fatal attack against police. Some studies have sought to explain macro-level trends in of homicides targeting law enforcement (Batton & Wilson, 2006;Chamlin, 1989;Jacobs & Carmichael, 2002;Kaminski, 2004Kaminski, , 2008Kaminski & Marvel, 2002;Kaminski & Stucky, 2009;Lester 1978aLester , 1978bLester , 1984Peterson & Bailey, 1988), while other studies have provided descriptions of incident-, offender-, and victim-level characteristics of law enforcement officer homicides (Brown & Langan, 2001;Carderelli, 1968;Chapman, 1986;Edwards, 1995;Konstantin, 1984;Little, 1984;Pinizzotto & Davis, 1992;Wilbanks, 1994).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed-Method Analysis of Fatal Attacks on Police by Far-Right Extremists

et al. 2015

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Several recent high-profile homicides of police officers have brought increased attention to issues of far-right extremist violence in the United States. We still, however, know very little about why (and how) certain encounters between far-right extremists and police result in violence. To fill this research gap, we conduct a mixed-method analysis of far-right police homicides based on quantitative and qualitative data from the United States Extremist Crime Database (ECDB). We begin by categorizing cases based on key aspects of homicide storylines.We then comparatively analyze attributes of event precursor, transaction, and aftermath stages across four storyline categories. Finally, a case study is purposively selected to follow-up on each storyline category to better capture the nuances of fluid homicide processes. Our findings have important implications for identifying triggering events, escalation factors, and other situated sets of conditions and circumstances that contribute to deadly outcomes for police officers.

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Conflict theory and police killings∗

Cited by 77 publications

References 24 publications

Without Mercy: The Immediate Impact of Group Size on Lynch Mob Atrocity

Without Mercy: The Immediate Impact of Group Size on Lynch Mob Atrocity

Racial Threat, Urban Conditions and Police Use of Force: Assessing the Direct and Indirect Linkages across Multiple Urban Areas

A Mixed-Method Analysis of Fatal Attacks on Police by Far-Right Extremists

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