“…Other surveys using the CTS in the United States and in other countries have replicated the finding that wives are about as violent as husbands (Brinkerhoff and Lupri 1988, Browning and Dutton 1986, Brutz and Ingoldsby 1984, Jouriles and O'Leary 1985, Kennedy and Dutton 1989, Mason and Blankenship 1987, Meredith, Abbott, and Adams 1986, Nisonoff and Bitman 1979, Rouse, Breen, and Howell 1988, Steinmetz 1981, Stets 1990, Szinovacz 1983). The CTS has also been used to study violence in dating relationships, with the same sexually symmetrical results (e.g., Arias and Johnson 1989, Arias, Samios, and O'Leary 1987, Cate et al 1982, DeMaris 1987, Lane and Gwartney-Gibbs 1985, Laner and Thompson 1982, Makepeace 1986, Marshall and Rose 1990, Rouse et al 1988, Sigelman, Berry, and Wiles 1984.…”