Confirmation of dengue virus infection by detection of dengue virus type 1 genome in urine and saliva but not in plasma

Abstract

We successfully detected dengue virus (DENV) genome in urine and saliva but not in plasma samples from a Japanese dengue fever patient. The results of the present study suggest that detection of DENV genome in urine and saliva can be an effective diagnostic method, particularly for children with viral hemorrhage.

Detecting Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 (NS1) in Urine Samples Using ELISA for the Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection

“…TaqMan real-time RT-PCR: The viral genome in serum and urine samples was detected using real-time RT-PCR (20). Viral RNA was extracted from 200 ml of serum or 200 ml of urine samples using a High Pure Viral RNA kit (Roche, Madison, WI,USA).…”

“…Viral RNA was extracted from 200 ml of serum or 200 ml of urine samples using a High Pure Viral RNA kit (Roche, Madison, WI,USA). For real-time RT-PCR, 5 ml of RNA was mixed with serotype-specific primer and probe, to make up a final volume of 20 ml of reaction mixture (TaqMan Fast Virus 1-Step Master Mix kit, Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) (20). Real-time RT-PCR was used with the following cycle conditions: (1) Real-time RT-PCR for 5 min at 509 C, followed by 40 cycles of 959 C for 3 s and 609 C for 30 s. Data was collected and analyzed after 40 cycles.…”

“…In the field, however, or in DHF patients with severe bleeding tendency and infants, the use of samples such as urine (which can be obtained by non-invasive procedures) is advantageous (19). Previous studies by other investigators have shown the presence of viral genome in the urine samples of dengue patients (12,20). Additionally, NS1 antigen has been detected in urine samples from days 2-10 after the onset of the disease (21).…”

Advantage of urine based molecular diagnosis of Zika virus

“…Diagnosis of other viral infections in urine and saliva samples has been reported for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis A, B, and C, and rubella [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and more recently in other flaviviruses, West-Nile virus (WNV) [21][22][23] and Dengue (DENV) serotypes -1, -2, -3, and -4 [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. WNV can be detected longer in urine than serum [21] and can be isolated from urine [22,23].…”

“…WNV can be detected longer in urine than serum [21] and can be isolated from urine [22,23]. Some studies also suggest that like WNV, DENV can be detected for a longer time in urine than saliva or serum [25,29,31,32].…”