Detecting Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 (NS1) in Urine Samples Using ELISA for the Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection

Saito, Yuka; Moi, Meng Ling; Kotaki, Akira; Ikeda, Makiko; Tajima, Shigeru; Shiba, Hiroshi; Hosono, Kuniaki; Saijo, Masayuki; Kurane, Ichiro; Takasaki, Tomohiko

doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2014.441

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…4, ZIKV NS1 was detectable in samples that were concentrated 5-fold; that is, to 30 microliters from a starting volume of 150 microliters. Although urinary DENV NS1 has been reported (3, 31), ZIKV NS1 was not detected here in 5X concentrated urine samples, either by the ELISA or rapid tests. We cannot rule out the possibility that urinary ZIKV NS1 is present at concentrations that are below detection by our assays.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum

et al. 2017

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The recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak demonstrates that cost-effective clinical diagnostics are urgently needed to detect and distinguish viral infections to improve patient care. Unlike dengue virus (DENV), ZIKV infections during pregnancy correlate with severe birth defects, including microcephaly and neurological disorders. Because ZIKV and DENV are related flaviviruses, their homologous proteins and nucleic acids can cause cross-reactions and false-positive results in molecular, antigenic, and serologic diagnostics. We report the characterization of monoclonal antibody pairs that have been translated into rapid immunochromatography tests to specifically detect the viral nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein antigen and distinguish the four DENV serotypes (DENV1-4) and ZIKV without cross-reaction. To complement visual test analysis and remove user subjectivity in reading test results, we used image processing and data analysis for data capture and test result quantification. Using a 30-μl serum sample, the sensitivity and specificity values of the DENV1-4 tests and the pan-DENV test, which detects all four dengue serotypes, ranged from 0.76 to 1.00. Sensitivity/specificity for the ZIKV rapid test was 0.81/0.86, respectively, using a 150-μl serum input. Serum ZIKV NS1 protein concentrations were about 10-fold lower than corresponding DENV NS1 concentrations in infected patients; moreover, ZIKV NS1 protein was not detected in polymerase chain reaction-positive patient urine samples. Our rapid immunochromatography approach and reagents have immediate application in differential clinical diagnosis of acute ZIKV and DENV cases, and the platform can be applied toward developing rapid antigen diagnostics for emerging viruses.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum

et al. 2017

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“…The study demonstrates that the NS1 strip assay is less sensitive for urine compared to the ELISA and both assays need further adaptation to improve the sensitivity [ 21 ]. This was confirmed by a later study from Saito et al showing that urine samples could be used for NS1 antigen ELISA but only in case of serum samples are very limited or in poor resource settings [ 22 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 73%

Find the right sample: A study on the versatility of saliva and urine samples for the diagnosis of emerging viruses

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe emergence of different viral infections during the last decades like dengue, West Nile, SARS, chikungunya, MERS-CoV, Ebola, Zika and Yellow Fever raised some questions on quickness and reliability of laboratory diagnostic tests for verification of suspected cases. Since sampling of blood requires medically trained personal and comprises some risks for the patient as well as for the health care personal, the sampling by non-invasive methods (e.g. saliva and/ or urine) might be a very valuable alternative for investigating a diseased patient.Main bodyTo analyse the usefulness of alternative noninvasive samples for the diagnosis of emerging infectious viral diseases, a literature search was performed on PubMed for alternative sampling for these viral infections. In total, 711 papers of potential relevance were found, of which we have included 128 in this review.ConclusionsConsidering the experience using non-invasive sampling for the diagnostic of emerging viral diseases, it seems important to perform an investigation using alternative samples for routine diagnostics. Moreover, during an outbreak situation, evaluation of appropriate sampling and further processing for laboratory analysis on various diagnostic platforms are very crucial. This will help to achieve optimal diagnostic results for a good and reliable case identification.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3611-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The detection of NS1 protein in saliva and/or urine samples has already been reported in three studies bearing on a limited number of patients [ 19 , 21 , 26 ] and recently in a larger study including urine samples from 96 patients [ 41 ]. Here, we demonstrate that the sensitivity of NS1 detection in saliva and urine samples follow a similar trend over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…described a positive detection rate of NS1 ranging from 13% to 43% according to days after disease onset. The highest detection rate was obtained on days 6–10 after disease onset [ 41 ]. As observed for the RNA load, NS1 protein concentrations measured in urine and saliva samples were much lower than those measured in plasma specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…investigated the benefit of urine concentration prior to NS1 capture by ELISA with 37 paired concentrated and non-concentrated urine samples. Concentration allowed the detection of NS1 antigen in three samples that tested negative before concentration [ 41 ]. For well-equipped laboratories that may be willing to use urine as a replacement to blood for DENV infection confirmation, it would be important to further develop of a fast and simple method for NS1 protein concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Value of Routine Dengue Diagnostic Tests in Urine and Saliva Specimens

Andries

Duong

et al. 2015

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundDengue laboratory diagnosis is essentially based on detection of the virus, its components or antibodies directed against the virus in blood samples. Blood, however, may be difficult to draw in some patients, especially in children, and sampling during outbreak investigations or epidemiological studies may face logistical challenges or limited compliance to invasive procedures from subjects. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using saliva and urine samples instead of blood for dengue diagnosis.Methodology/Principal FindingsSerial plasma, urine and saliva samples were collected at several time-points between the day of admission to hospital until three months after the onset of fever in children with confirmed dengue disease. Quantitative RT-PCR, NS1 antigen capture and ELISA serology for anti-DENV antibody (IgG, IgM and IgA) detection were performed in parallel on the three body fluids. RT-PCR and NS1 tests demonstrated an overall sensitivity of 85.4%/63.4%, 41.6%/14.5% and 39%/28.3%, in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. When urine and saliva samples were collected at the same time-points and tested concurrently, the diagnostic sensitivity of RNA and NS1 detection assays was 69.1% and 34.4%, respectively. IgG/IgA detection assays had an overall sensitivity of 54.4%/37.4%, 38.5%/26.8% and 52.9%/28.6% in plasma, urine and saliva specimens, respectively. IgM were detected in 38.1% and 36% of the plasma and saliva samples but never in urine.ConclusionsAlthough the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood specimens is not possible.

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Detecting Dengue Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 (NS1) in Urine Samples Using ELISA for the Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum

Rapid antigen tests for dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient serum

Find the right sample: A study on the versatility of saliva and urine samples for the diagnosis of emerging viruses

Value of Routine Dengue Diagnostic Tests in Urine and Saliva Specimens

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