Confinement of Bloch surface waves in a graphene-based one-dimensional photonic crystal and sensing applications

Abstract

Bloch surface waves (BSWs) are excited in one-dimensional photonic crystals (PhCs) terminated by a graphene monolayer under the Kretschmann configuration. The field distribution and reflectance spectra are numerically calculated by the transverse magnetic method under transfer-matrix polarization, while the sensitivity is analyzed and compared with those of the surface plasmon resonance sensing method. It is found that the intensity of magnetic field is considerably enhanced in the region of the terminated layer of the multilayer stacks, and that BSW resonance appears only in the interface of the graphene and solution. Influences of the graphene layers and the thickness of a unit cell in PhCs on the reflectance are studied as well. In particular, by analyzing the performance of BSW sensors with the graphene monolayer, the wavelength sensitivity of the proposed sensor is 1040 nm/RIU whereas the angular sensitivity is 25.1 • /RIU. In addition, the maximum of figure of merit can reach as high as 3000 RIU −1 . Thus, by integrating graphene in a simple Kretschmann structure, one can obtain an enhancement of the light-graphene interaction, which is prospective for creating label-free, low-cost and high-sensitivity optical biosensors.

Excitation of Hybrid Waveguide-Bloch Surface States with Bi2Se3 Plasmonic Material in the Near-Infrared Range

“…[21], which is shown in Figure 2. We simulate plane wave interactions with such planar multi-layer structures by u ing the semi-analytical transfer matrix method (TMM) [14,28,29]:…”

“…where i = mTiO2, mSiO2, mSi or mBi2Se3, ε0 and μ0 are the permeability of vacuum dielectr constant and vacuum dielectric constant, respectively. The reflection (R) and the transmission (T) of light can be expressed as: We simulate plane wave interactions with such planar multi-layer structures by using the semi-analytical transfer matrix method (TMM) [14,28,29]:…”

“…We simulate plane wave interactions with such planar multi-layer structures by using the semi-analytical transfer matrix method (TMM) [ 14 , 28 , 29 ]: where E out is the electric field of the output side, E in is the electric field of the incident light, and M is the transfer matrix of the whole structure, which can be expressed as follows: where , , m Si and are the transmission matrix of light passing through each layer, and N is the period number of DBR.…”

High-sensitivity Bloch surface wave sensor with Fano resonance in grating-coupled multilayer structures

“…Devices based on LiNbO 3 materials have been widely used in sensors, [29,30] resonators, [31] optical modulators [32] and integrated optical components. [33,34] Compared to other top layer materials, [14,[35][36][37] LiNbO 3 provides enhanced field confinement, [29] which can be further improved by using the thin films. [30] A BSW device based on a LiNbO 3 grating-coupled with a DBR was proposed in this study.…”

Theoretical Model for a Highly Sensitive Near Infrared Biosensor Based on Bloch Surface Wave with Dirac Semimetal

“…Zou et al integrated graphene into a simple Kretschmann structure. By analyzing the performance of the BSW sensor with monolayer graphene, a maximum sensitivity of 3000/RIU was obtained after parameter optimization [29]. In recent years, Bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) materials [30] have attracted attention.…”