Confined interfacial polymerization of polyamide-graphene oxide composite membranes for water desalination

Improvement of performance and fouling resistance of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using acrylamide and TiO2 nanoparticles under UV irradiation for water desalination

“…Another important method for development of antifouling RO membranes is application of inorganic nanoparticles, which incorporates main characters of conventional polymeric membrane (high performance of desalination, flexibility, easy to operate, and modularity) with the unparalleled properties of nanoparticles (hydrophilicity, charge density, and structure of pore) . Different kinds of inorganic nanoparticles were applied for modification the performance of polyamide TFC RO membranes, such as graphene oxide (GO), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), carbon nanotubes, silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), silver, zinc oxide (ZnO), and zeolites . However, between these nanoparticles, fundamental researches and practical usages assigned much attention to TiO 2 nanoparticles due to their photocatalytic properties.…”

Enhancing H2O2 Tolerance and Separation Performance through the Modification of the Polyamide Layer of a Thin-Film Composite Nanofiltration Membrane by Using Graphene Oxide

“…The SEM images of the surface morphology of the TFC and TFC-GO membranes after intensive exposure to H 2 O 2 are presented in Figure 2 c. For the pristine TFC membrane ( Figure 2 c,e), significant swelling and deformation of the PA layer occurred because the strong oxidant broke down its polymer structure. However, the surface of the TFC-GO membrane ( Figure 2 c,e) exhibited moderate swelling, which confirmed the robust protection efficiency and superior stability of GO incorporated into the PA layer [ 14 ]. The TFC-GO membrane after H 2 O 2 exposure had a slightly decreased Rq and Ra (5.8 μm and 4.1 μm; Table 2 ), which confirmed a significant decline in roughness.…”

“…Muscatello et al reported that the membrane consisting of layered graphene sheets can improve the antifouling viability, antimicrobial effect, and desalination for separations [ 13 ]. In the studies incorporating GO for various membrane modifications, they all have one comment point, which is that adding GO with low concentrations has profound enhancement on membrane separation performance [ 11 , 14 ]. For example, Lin et al indicated that adding 0.0125–0.0175 wt% of GO to the PA support layer of an FO membrane can reduce internal concentration polarization, enhance water flux, and maintain high rejection of salts and dyes [ 2 , 15 ].…”

Antibiofouling Thin‐Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Sustainable Water Purification

“…The fabrication process of the TFN membrane with a GO interlayer is illustrated in Figure 7. [168] During the fabrication process, MPD molecules are adsorbed on the negatively charged GO with oxygen-containing groups. This allows polymerization between MPD and TMC in void regions, which consequently facilitate the refinement of the size of the transport nanochannels.…”