Configurations and Membranes of Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Global accessibility to clean water has stressed the need to develop advanced technologies for the removal of toxic organic and inorganic pollutants and pathogens from wastewater to meet stringent discharge water quality limits. Conventionally, the high separation efficiencies, relative low costs, small footprint, and ease of operation associated with integrated photocatalytic-membrane (IPM) technologies are gaining an all-inclusive attention. Conversely, photocatalysis and membrane technologies face some degree of setbacks, which limit their worldwide application in wastewater settings for the treatment of emerging contaminants. Therefore, this review elucidated titanium dioxide (TiO2), based on its unique properties (low cost, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and high chemical stability), to have great potential in engineering photocatalytic-based membranes for reclamation of wastewater for re-use. The environmental pathway of TiO2 nanoparticles, membranes and configuration types, modification process, characteristics, and applications of IPMs in water settings are discussed. Future research and prospects of magnetized TiO2-based membrane technology is highlighted as a viable water purification technology to mitigate fouling in the membrane process and photocatalyst recoverability. In addition, exploring life cycle assessment research would also aid in utilizing the concept and pressing for large-scale application of this technology.

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“…The advantages and drawbacks of various methods for immobilizing TiO 2 catalysts on membranes are summarized in Table 7. [116,117].…”

Section: Tio 2 Ceramic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Synthesized Magnetic TiO2-Based Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…SPMR primarily aimed at catalyst separation and recovery. The membrane can be submerged in the photocatalytic reactor, Figure 1A [10]. This configuration fails from protecting the membrane for UV irradiation after long operation times (Figure 1AI), although this effect could be reduced with the use of a light-tight baffle in between the light source and the membrane (Figure 1AII).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This configuration fails from protecting the membrane for UV irradiation after long operation times (Figure 1AI), although this effect could be reduced with the use of a light-tight baffle in between the light source and the membrane (Figure 1AII). Alternatively, the membrane can be placed out of the photo-reactor, Figure 1B [10], but this configuration is prone to higher pressure drops in the catalyst flow and instability of the catalyst concentration inside the reactor. Otherwise, the catalysts can be fixed to the membrane, IPMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise, the catalysts can be fixed to the membrane, IPMR. In this configuration, the membrane can act as support with the only function of immobilizing the catalyst (Figure 1C), or the membrane can integrate the catalyst and simultaneously have a separation function, Figure 1D,E [10]. In this latter system, the membrane acts both as selective barrier for the contaminants to be degraded, thus maintaining them into the reaction environment, and as the support for the photocatalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, two different flow configurations are possible, dead-end, Figure 1D; or cross-flow, Figure 1E [7]. External illumination is usually applied for these configurations [5,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Issues and Guidelines to Improve the Performance of Photocatalytic Polymeric Membranes

et al. 2020

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Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMR), with immobilized photocatalysts, play an important role in process intensification strategies; this approach offers a simple solution to the typical catalyst recovery problem of photocatalytic processes and, by simultaneous filtration and photocatalysis of the aqueous streams, facilitates clean water production in a single unit. The synthesis of polymer photocatalytic membranes has been widely explored, while studies focused on ceramic photocatalytic membranes represent a minority. However, previous reports have identified that the successful synthesis of polymeric photocatalytic membranes still faces certain challenges that demand further research, e.g., (i) reduced photocatalytic activity, (ii) photocatalyst stability, and (iii) membrane aging, to achieve technological competitiveness with respect to suspended photocatalytic systems. The novelty of this review is to go a step further to preceding literature by first, critically analyzing the factors behind these major limitations and second, establishing useful guidelines. This information will help researchers in the field in the selection of the membrane materials and synthesis methodology for a better performance of polymeric photocatalytic membranes with targeted functionality; special attention is focused on factors affecting membrane aging and photocatalyst stability.

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Nanomaterial-based photocatalytic membrane for organic pollutants removal

Kallawar

Bhanvase

2021

Handbook of Nanomaterials for Wastewater Treatment

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Configurations and Membranes of Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Prospects of Synthesized Magnetic TiO2-Based Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Prospects of Synthesized Magnetic TiO2-Based Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Critical Issues and Guidelines to Improve the Performance of Photocatalytic Polymeric Membranes

Nanomaterial-based photocatalytic membrane for organic pollutants removal

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