Conductive Antifouling Sensing Coating: A Bionic Design Inspired by Natural Cell Membrane

Abstract

Constructing antifouling coatings for biosensing interfaces is a major hurdle in driving their practical application. Inspired by the excellent antifouling properties of natural cell membranes, a conductive biomimetic antifouling interface coating is proposed, which highly mimics the excellent antifouling properties of biofilms while overcoming the low conductivity defects of conventional coatings. Polyethylene glycol–Au gel is selected as the support structure and electron transfer layer, on which phospholipids and ampholytes are applied to construct a hydration layer for antifouling. The coating maintains promisingly low adsorption in biological matrices such as whole blood, serum, and urine, and has been utilized to construct multimodal clinical assay systems that provide favorable concordance with clinical results. Thus, this conductive bio‐coating breaks the last barrier of biosensors toward practical applications and possesses extremely significant application value.

Fabrication and Functional Regulation of Biomimetic Interfaces and Their Antifouling and Antibacterial Applications: A Review

“…In another report, Huang et al [ 101 ] constructed a conductive biomimetic coating that doped with AuNPs by the layer‐by‐layer fabrication, imitating the anti‐biosorption mechanism of the cell membrane. As shown in Figure 6b, cholesterol‐ and mercaptan‐modified polyethylene glycol (SH‐PEG‐Chol) was used as a conductive support layer on the GCE that loaded with AuNPs, and phospholipid molecules and 2‐methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphorylcholine (2‐MPC) were added to construct the surface of cell‐like membrane, finally achieving the purpose of biomimetic antifouling.…”

“…b) AuNP-doped biomimetic cell membrane structure with enhanced antifouling performance. Reproduced with permission [101]. Copyright 2023, Wiley.…”

Progress in Marine Antifouling Coatings: Current Status and Prospects

“…This coating demonstrates significant marine antifouling and antibacterial properties due to the presence of the emeraldine salt structure in PANI, which maintains surface pH at 4-5, and the generation of hydrogen peroxide by ZnO nanorods. Moreover, Huang et al [140] present a biomimetic antifouling interface coating that mimics the antifouling properties of biological films and overcomes the low conductivity of traditional coatings. This coating uses a polyethylene glycol-Au gel as a support structure and electron transfer layer, covered by a hydration layer made from phospholipids and ampholytes.…”