Conducting Copolymers of Thiophene-Functionalized Polystyrene

Electrochromic properties of electrochemically synthesized porphyrin/3-substituted polythiophene copolymers

“…The bands at 820 and 819 cm À 1 are assigned to the C-S stretching of Por and ZnPor, respectively. In the spectrum of P3MT and P3HT, the bands at 1640 and 1651 cm À 1 are assigned to the CQC stretching mode and the bands at 1463 and 1459 cm À 1 are related to the corresponding aromatic mode, respectively [47]. The characteristic C-S stretching peaks of P3MT, P3HT, Por/3MT, ZnPor/3MT, Por/3HT and ZnPor/3HT were observed at 836, 840, 839, 842, 837 and 837 cm À 1 , respectively [42].…”

3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) End-Group Functionalized Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL): Self-Assembly in Organic Solvents and Its Coincidentally Observed Peculiar Behavior in Thin Film and Protonated Media

“…Various types of functional end-groups have been introduced into a plethora, and progressively, a diverse range of polymers, such as (poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) [ 12 ], poly(lactide) PLA [ 13 ], poly(N-alkyl-oxazoline)s (POXA) [ 14 ], poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) POEGMA [ 15 ], polystyrene (PSt) [ 16 , 17 ], polyethylene, (PE) [ 18 ], and polypeptides [ 19 ], using various ”living” polymerization methods, including atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) [ 16 ], nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) [ 17 ], reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) [ 15 ], and ring-opening polymerization (ROP [ 13 , 19 ], CROP [ 14 ], and ROMP [ 18 ]). These are often combined with post-polymerization chemical modifications [ 12 , 16 ].…”

“…Electroactive macromonomers, so named due to their ability to oxidatively polymerize using electrochemical techniques [ 12 , 17 ], are also active in chemically oxidative polycondensation [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] or, alternatively, in other polymerization methods specifically designed to obtain conjugated polymers (CPs) [ 9 , 34 ]. These macromonomers are important building blocks, the use of which has enabled the enlargement of the CPs “hairy-rods” class [ 39 ] and has allowed for well-defined oligomeric/polymeric flexible side chains to be attached to the conjugated, rigid backbones, resulting in graft rod-coil type polymers with a self-assembling propensity and high flexibility in the tuning of properties.…”

“…Based on our previous experience with electroactive macromonomers synthesis [ 12 , 14 , 16 , 17 ], we recently engineered and reported [ 42 ] EDOT-PCL ( Scheme 1 ) as a new structure, based on EDOT and oligo-ε-caprolactone (OCL). Our option was made with the knowledge that OCL, which has a molecular weight of less than 3000 Da, undergoes phagocytosis by the phagosomes of macrophages and giant cells, followed by intracellular degradation by esterases.…”

Synthesis and self-assembly of fluorene-vinylene alternating copolymers in “Hairy-Rod” architecture: side chain – mediated tuning of conformation, microstructure and photophysical properties

“…actually, this method enables the elaborate design, preparation and complete characterization of the side chains prior to the ultimate step-growth polymerization. [6(a), 40] Macromonomers can be obtained by polymerization from a monomer-based initiator via controlled polymerization methods, namely atom transfer radical polymerization (aTrP),[14(a,b)] nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization, [38] reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer, [41] ring-opening polymerization (rOP), [21,39,40(b)] or by terminal functional group transformation of a well-defined polymer chain to introduce monomer functionalities specific for CPs synthesis. [12,40(a),42] Both methods were used for the synthesis of 1,4-dibromo phenylene functionalized precursor macromonomers 1-4 (Supporting information (SI), Scheme S1).…”