Conditions that Catalyze the Emergence of Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions

Abstract

Increased knowledge about the conditions that have catalyzed and enabled institutions to seek and effectively acquire federally recognized and supported Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISI) status can inform the work of potential and emerging AANAPISIs.

Toward an Anti-Imperialistic Critical Race Analysis of the Model Minority Myth

“…As mentioned, the federal government’s categorization of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders as a singular racial group fueled widespread lumping of these communities into a single category (Wright & Balutski, 2013), and some federal policies continue to perpetuate this problematic aggregation today. In addition, research on AANAPISIs shows that the myth continues to hinder efforts to develop resources and support tailored to both Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (Mac et al, 2019). Thus, many researchers and advocates working at and with AANAPISIs that serve Pacific Islanders might disagree with the assumption that the myth is not relevant to this population.…”

“…Not considering the complexity of framing processes in diverse advocacy contexts can lead to dangerously narrow prescriptions of acceptable research on the myth and inhibit diverse and strategic efforts to effect concrete changes in complicated policy and practice contexts, thereby undermining social justice agendas. For example, evidence suggests that systemic contexts pressure scholars and advocates of AANAPISIs to center and challenge the myth’s direct harm toward Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and justify the allocation of resources (e.g., time and energy) to support this population (Park & Chang, 2010; Mac et al, 2019). These efforts are especially important for communities (e.g., Southeast Asian American and Pacific Islanders) that face drastic inequities and have been subsumed and marginalized within the broader pan-racial category (Diaz, 2004; Espiritu, 2017).…”

Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling: Practical Strategies for Asian American and Pacific Islander Counselor Educators

“…AAPI counselor educators can cultivate biculturalism by learning more about their own racial and ethnic heritages and understanding the nuances of a White-centered academic culture (Kodama & Dugan, 2019). Similar to cultivating critical consciousness, cultivating biculturalism calls on AAPI counselor educators to understand how racial socialization, values, and notions attached to their upbringing lie in juxtaposition with the racial climate at their institution (Kornbluh et al, 2020;Mac et al, 2019;Sato, 2020). For example, AAPI counselor educators can reflect on how they have been socialized to respond with docility when conflict occurs, uncover underlying fears associated with setting boundaries, and avoid measuring their worth by productivity alone.…”

“…Finally, AAPI counselor educators can bolster social and familial capital by reaching out to their families, peers, colleagues, and other AAPI faculty across the university setting and within the greater counseling profession to seek support in the face of racism (Kwan, 2019;Museus & Mueller, 2018). White counselor educators and leaders are called to honor the importance of creating mentorship and networking opportunities for faculty of color, such as AAPI counselor educators, in their department and larger institution (F. Lee, 2019;Mac et al, 2019). Without these changes, the inadequate community and absence of networking opportunities may result in the lack of retention of AAPI faculty in academic institutions (Koshino, 2016).…”

“…In light of data from a variety of research studies (see Kornbluh et al, 2020;Koshino, 2016;F. Lee, 2019;Liang et al, 2018;Mac et al, 2019), counselor education researchers are called to consider the social factors that contribute to the success of AAPI faculty. Although qualitative research, such as narrative inquiry, may seem closely aligned with this aim, researchers may additionally consider building a Delphi study to elicit the viewpoints of AAPI leaders in counseling and counselor education.…”