Concurrent toxoplasmosis and feline infectious peritonitis in a cat

Toomey, J.M.; Carlisle-Nowak, M M; Barr, Stephen C.; López, José W.; French, Tracy W.; Scott, F. W.; Hoose, W; Pizano, S; Dubey, J. P.

doi:10.5326/15473317-31-5-425

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In FIVseropositive cats higher anti-Toxoplasma titres were observed (D'Amore et al, 1997;Dorny et al, 2002). During FIP the widespread inflammatory reaction facilitates the dissemination of tachyzoites in mononuclear cells (Toomey et al, 1995), thus promoting immune responses. This may have been reflected by half of the FIP-positive cats that had high titres of antibodies to T. gondii, although a significant difference could not be established due to the small number of cats with concurrent infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

Hornok

Edelhofer

Joachim

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Blood samples were collected from 330 cats in Hungary in order to evaluate their seroconversion to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 47.6%, the prevalence being 22.4% among urban, 50% among suburban and 61.3% among rural animals. Significantly more cats had high IFAT titres (1:640 to 1:5120) in the countryside. Female cats were more frequently infected with T. gondii than males (53.3% vs. 39.3%), and seropositivity increased with the age of animals. The prevalence (0.6%) and titre (1:40) of antibodies to N. caninum was low. Sixty-two cats were also screened for seroconversion to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus. Higher titres to T. gondii were more frequently detected among FIP-positive cats, but this difference was non-significant due to the small number of cats with concurrent infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, only one report concerns feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in the same context (Toomey et al, 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

Hornok

Edelhofer

Joachim

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…6-7A&B), fungi, viruses, protozoa such as Toxoplasma (Toomey et al, 1995), or helminthes such as Mesocestoides sp. An exudative fl uid usually contains both increased protein and an increased nucleated cell count.…”

Section: Exudatementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Cavity Fluids

Rebar¹,

Thompson²

2010

Canine and Feline Cytology

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“…Current literature suggests that an immunocompromised state, such as in cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and/or feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), or those subject to potent inhibitors of cell-mediated immunity such as cyclosporin, is the main factor predisposing to the development of disseminated disease (Barrs, Martin & Beatty 2006;Davidson et al 1993;Foster et al 1998;Heidel et al 1990;Lappin et al 1992;Last et al 2004;Nordquist & Aronson 2008;Park et al 2007;Patton et al 1991;Toomey et al 1995). Fatal toxoplasmosis can develop during acute intracellular replication and systemic dissemination of tachyzoites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bradyzoites are slowly dividing, persistent tissue stages that are formed in cysts in the central nervous system (CNS), muscles and visceral organs (Lappin 2009). Re-activated, acute infection can occur (as seen with immunocompromised disease states) as the result of bradyzoites persisting in the tissues for the life of the host, regardless of administration of appropriate treatment (Toomey et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent cat

Nagel

Williams

Schoeman

2013

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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A 10-year-old domestic short hair cat was referred for investigation of anorexia and polydipsia of 3 days' duration. Clinically the cat was obese, pyrexic (39.8 °C), had acute abdominal pain and severe bilirubinuria. Haematology and serum biochemistry revealed severe panleukopenia, thrombocytopenia, markedly elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and five-fold increased pre-prandial bile acids. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the abdomen did not identify any abnormalities. Serum tests for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) were negative. Broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for infectious hepatitis was to no avail; the cat deteriorated and died 72 h after admission. Necropsy revealed mild icterus and anaemia, severe multifocal hepatic necrosis, serofibrinous hydrothorax, pulmonary oedema and interstitial pneumonia. Histopathology confirmed the macroscopic findings and revealed multifocal microgranulomata in the brain and myocardium, as well as areas of necrosis in lymph nodes and multifocally in splenic red pulp. Long bone shaft marrow was hyperplastic with a predominance of leukocyte precursors and megakaryocytes and splenic red pulp showed mild extramedullary haemopoiesis. Immunohistochemical staining for Toxoplasma gondii was strongly positive, with scattered cysts and tachyzoites in the liver, lymph nodes, spleen, lungs, brain, salivary glands and intracellularly in round cells in occasional blood vessels. Immunohistochemical staining for corona virus on the same tissues was negative, ruling out feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on formalin-fixed paraffin-wax embedded tissues was positive for Toxoplasma sp., but attempts at sequencing were unsuccessful. This was the first case report of fulminant disseminated toxoplasmosis in South Africa, in which detailed histopathology in an apparently immunocompetent cat was described.

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Concurrent toxoplasmosis and feline infectious peritonitis in a cat

Cited by 8 publications

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

Body Cavity Fluids

Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis in an immunocompetent cat

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