Concerns for future generations in societies: A deliberative analysis of the intergenerational sustainability dilemma

Timilsina, Raja Rajendra; Kotani, Koji; Nakagawa, Yasuaki; Saijo, Tatsuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.socec.2020.101628

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…There have been several different FD mechanisms and institutions for perspective taking in terms of the perspectives of future generations and for expanding the ways in which people think about future planning [2][3][4]7,40,41]. The first institution is an imaginary future generation (IFG), in which some participants in FD are asked to be part of an imaginary future generation and negotiate with the current generation to identify problems and solutions [40].…”

Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kamijo et al [40] and Shahrier et al [41] have pioneered experiments in the laboratory with Japanese students and in the fields of Bangladesh and in rural and urban areas with general community people, respectively. Similarly, Timilsina et al [3,4,7] conduct field experiments in Nepalese rural and urban areas. Timilsina et al [3,4,7] and Shahrier et al [2,41] have confirmed that urban people choose to be unsustainable in the absence of FD mechanisms such as FAB and IA, demonstrating that unplanned rapid modernization with a higher degree of capitalism and competition might have made people more proself and short-sighted in the urban areas of these countries.…”

Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Timilsina et al [3,4,7] conduct field experiments in Nepalese rural and urban areas. Timilsina et al [3,4,7] and Shahrier et al [2,41] have confirmed that urban people choose to be unsustainable in the absence of FD mechanisms such as FAB and IA, demonstrating that unplanned rapid modernization with a higher degree of capitalism and competition might have made people more proself and short-sighted in the urban areas of these countries. However, they also find that FD mechanisms (IFG, FAB and IA) successfully induce people to choose to be sustainable to uphold intergenerational sustainability, arguing that they tend to feel empathy toward future generations [2,7,40].…”

Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, we have identified that FD has two features, i.e., its visioning practice and strategy-making process, which can be considered distinct from the practices and procedures of backcasting and scenario planning. Based on research and practice, FD mechanisms and practices are said to successfully induce people to be future-oriented and sustainable by triggering cognitive dissonance, empathy for future generations, expansions of their ways of thinking and paradoxical thinking [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]47,48]. Given this state of affairs, we suggest that linking and incorporating FD into some practices of backcasting and scenario planning are possible along with some potential benefits in that some important sustainable problems can be usefully analyzed [49].…”

Section: The Potential Benefits Of Linking and Incorporating Fd Into mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, a future design (FD) approach has recently been advocated and researched. This approach can be considered a new element or member, potentially being linked to and incorporated into backcasting and scenario planning for sustainability [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. This paper reviews some main features of the three approaches to future planning for sustainability and explores some possibilities of linking and incorporating FD into the existing approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Possibility of Linking and Incorporating Future Design in Backcasting and Scenario Planning

2020

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There are two approaches to future planning: backcasting and scenario planning. While some studies have attempted to relate and combine these two approaches, a future design (FD) approach has recently been advocated and researched. Given this state of affairs, the paper provides an overview of the FD approach and discusses the potential benefits of linking and incorporating it into backcasting and scenario planning by summarizing the main features of such benefits for future planning for sustainability. A feature of an FD is that it explicitly orients people’s ways of thinking in the current generation to be generative for not only their own future but also generations to come, as well as in designing a plan within a coherent timeframe by demonstrating the characteristics of being prospective and retrospective from the viewpoint of a different generation. Another feature of FD lies in strategy making through some visioning process and in redefining the boundary between what is controllable and what is uncontrollable by considering the perspectives of future generations. We consider this article as a concept paper for the special issue of “Designing Sustainable Future Societies,” building on a literature review and author’s conceptual framework. Thus, our ideas and concepts suggest some potential benefits from incorporating FD into backcasting and scenario planning, further inducing people to be future-oriented and/or sustainable in terms of strategy making. We finally demonstrate some examples of FD practices and illustrative ideas of FD incorporation, remarking on possible avenues for future research.

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Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Overview Of the Fd Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Potential Benefits Of Linking and Incorporating Fd Into mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Possibility of Linking and Incorporating Future Design in Backcasting and Scenario Planning

2020

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Voting Sustains Intergenerational Cooperation, Even When the Tipping Point Threshold is Ambiguous

Balmford,

Marino,

Hauser

2023

Environ Resource Econ

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Sustaining future generations requires cooperation today. While individuals’ selfish interests threaten to undermine cooperation, social institutions can foster cooperation in intergenerational situations without ambiguity. However, in numerous settings, from climate change to the biodiversity crisis, there exists considerable ambiguity in the degree of cooperation required. Such ambiguity limits the extent to which people typically cooperate. We present the results of an intergenerational public goods game, which show that a democratic institution can promote cooperation, even in the face of ambiguity. While ambiguity in previous work has proved a challenge to cooperation (although we find sometimes only small and non-significant effects of ambiguity), voting is consistently able to maintain sustainable group-level outcomes in our study. Additional analyses demonstrate that this form of democracy has an effect over and above the impact on beliefs alone and over and above the structural effects of the voting institution. Our results provide evidence that social institutions, such as democracy, can buffer against selfishness and sustain cooperation to provide time-delayed benefits to the future.

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Hold-up induced by demand for fairness: theory and experimental evidence

Lauga

Mak

2022

Theory Decis

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Research in recent years suggests that fairness concerns could mitigate hold-up problems. In this study, we report theoretical analysis and experimental evidence on an opposite possibility: that fairness concerns could also induce hold-up problems. In our setup, hold-up problems will not occur with purely self-interested agents, but theoretically could be induced by demand for distributional fairness among agents without sufficiently strong counteracting factors such as intention-based reciprocity. We observe a widespread occurrence of hold-up in our experiment. Relationship-specific investments occurred less than half of the time, resulting in significant inefficiencies. Moreover, whenever a relationship-specific investment was made: (a) it was typically not reciprocated by the partner; (b) nor did the investor’s offers at the bargaining stage exhibit expectations for reciprocity. Consequently, the partner extracted all the additional expected payoff from relationship-specific investments. Further experimentation suggested that our results were driven by a fundamental lack of intention-based reciprocity in fairness concerns, rather than self-serving bias.

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Concerns for future generations in societies: A deliberative analysis of the intergenerational sustainability dilemma

Cited by 14 publications

References 81 publications

Exploring the Possibility of Linking and Incorporating Future Design in Backcasting and Scenario Planning

Exploring the Possibility of Linking and Incorporating Future Design in Backcasting and Scenario Planning

Voting Sustains Intergenerational Cooperation, Even When the Tipping Point Threshold is Ambiguous

Hold-up induced by demand for fairness: theory and experimental evidence

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