Conceptual Modeling in Law: An Interdisciplinary Research Agenda

Knackstedt, Ralf; Heddier, Marcel; Becker, Jörg

doi:10.17705/1cais.03436

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Text mining is incredibly challenging for some domains, such as legal and legislative texts. They often contain ambiguous and vague legal terms and are typically contextand time-dependent [Knackstedt et al, 2014]. For this reason, the automatic processing of legal/official documents has been extensively researched.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Active Learning for Segmentation and Semantic Classification of Legal Acts Extracted from Official Diaries

Constantino,

H. P. Silva,

B. Silva

et al. 2023

JIDM

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Based on openness and transparency for good governance, unimpeded and verifiable access to legal and regulatory information is essential. With such access, we can monitor government actions to ensure that public financial resources are not improperly or inconsistently used. This facilitates, for example, the detection of unlawful behavior in public actions, such as bidding processes and auctions. However, different public agencies have their own criteria for standardizing the models and formats used to make information available, as exemplified in the varying styles observed in municipal, state, and union (federal) documents. In this context, we aim to minimize the effort to deal with public documents, notably official gazettes. For this, we propose a structure-oriented heuristic for extracting relevant excerpts from their texts. We then characterize these excerpts through morphosyntactic analysis and entity recognition. Subsequently, we semantically classify the extracted fragments into "sections of interest" (e.g., bids, laws, personnel, budget) using an active learning strategy to reduce the manual labeling effort. We also improve the classification process by incorporating transformers, stacking, and by combining different types of representations (e.g., frequentist, static, and contextual semantic embeddings). Furthermore, we exploit oversampling based on semi-supervised learning to deal with (labeled) data scarceness and skewness. Finally, we combine all these contributions in a real-time annotation tool with active learning support that achieves 100% accuracy in extraction and an overall accuracy of 85% in classification with very little labeling effort.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Active Learning for Segmentation and Semantic Classification of Legal Acts Extracted from Official Diaries

Constantino,

H. P. Silva,

B. Silva

et al. 2023

JIDM

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“…The substance for the digital design (as values, stakeholder roles, work-language, procedures) emanates from the related practices of healthcare and health-insurance. One important concern in this case (as in most other egov areas) is the regulative background of extant legislation [2,23]. It is said that there exist more than Swedish 70 laws/statutes that have relevance for medical certificates.…”

Section: Affordances Constraints and Other Pre-conditions For Design ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Between Overexploitation and Underexploitation of Digital Opportunities – A Case Study with Focus on Affordances and Constraints

Goldkuhl

2020

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Several policies for e-government, both on national and supranational levels, express visions and claims for more advanced exploitation of digital opportunities. The paper contributes through a problematization of the idea of utilizing digital opportunities and a conceptualization of this into the polarity of overexploitation vs. underexploitation of digital opportunities. It is based on a qualitative and diagnostic case study on the digitalization of medical certificates and theoretically informed by affordance theory and activity theory. Digital arrangements in the case study are investigated and different types of digital affordances and constraints are revealed. There are examples of surplus of affordances (i.e. overexploitation), lack of affordances and affordances with embedded constraints (i.e. underexploitation), and useful affordances (i.e. adequate exploitation). The application of the affordance and constraint concepts is, in the paper, done through a two-step staging: 1) General characteristics of digital technology give affordances for design. 2) The resulting digital artifacts will have different properties and these properties give affordances but also constraints for use. The resulting conceptualizations are discussed in relation to normative, regulative and other institutional aspects concerning digitalization in the public sector. This is conceptualized in a graphical model describing policy and other pre-conditions, designed digital artifacts, and workpractice effects.

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“…In response to the lack of focus on communication, facilitating understanding and strengthening relational aspects during contracting processes (Barton et al , 2013), various dimensions were introduced to study the quality of transactions beyond the essentials of validity, legality and/or enforceability (Passera, 2012; Passera et al , 2013; Knackstedt et al , 2014). Contract drafting begins to borrow tools, methods and standards from information architecture and management, as well as knowledge and information visualization, but the value captured by this novel approach is barely understood, even within the emerging research field of legal design.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions on self-regulation and transaction friendliness relevant to smart contracting

Solarte-Vasquez

Rungi

Nyman-Metcalf

2019

IJLMA

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Purpose This paper aims to report on signs of public awareness and empowerment among the general public that are presumed to determine the viability of the smart contracting (SC) approach and identifies prevailing concerns regarding individual transactional experiences. Design/methodology/approach A mixed approach was followed to explore perceptions of self-regulation and transaction friendliness by using an interpretative multiple case study method and by presenting a descriptive summative analysis of the data. Findings On self-regulation, the study reveals spread awareness, empowerment, contractual competences and responsibility. Regarding transaction friendliness, subject matter influences transaction experiences the most, and trust and engagement are the most problematic factors. The findings support the viability of SC, endorsing the application of proactive perspectives in legal and managerial practice. Research limitations/implications The study confirms the foundational assumptions of SC, identifies key transactional issues that should be further addressed to improve the functionality of digital trade environments and contributes to the consolidation of the legal design research field on transaction usability. Practical implications The findings point to the viability of SC. Organizations and practitioners are given indications on transaction upgrade priorities and invited to adopt and help disseminate the proposal. Social implications The expansion of a collaborative transactional culture can reduce legal disputes, improving the legal environment of business and strengthening private governance regulatory models. Originality/value This is the first empirical study on the viability conditions of the SC-approach, identifying transactional usability testing and intervention priorities.

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Conceptual Modeling in Law: An Interdisciplinary Research Agenda

Cited by 11 publications

References 128 publications

Using Active Learning for Segmentation and Semantic Classification of Legal Acts Extracted from Official Diaries

Using Active Learning for Segmentation and Semantic Classification of Legal Acts Extracted from Official Diaries

Between Overexploitation and Underexploitation of Digital Opportunities – A Case Study with Focus on Affordances and Constraints

Perceptions on self-regulation and transaction friendliness relevant to smart contracting

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