Conceptual Framework for Programming Skills Development Based on Microlearning and Automated Source Code Evaluation in Virtual Learning Environment

Abstract

Understanding how software works and writing a program are currently frequent requirements when hiring employees. The complexity of learning programming often results in educational failures, student frustration and lack of motivation, because different students prefer different learning paths. Although e-learning courses have led to many improvements in the methodology and the supporting technology for more effective programming learning, misunderstanding of programming principles is one of the main reasons for students leaving school early. Universities face a challenging task: how to harmonise students’ education, focusing on advanced knowledge in the development of software applications, with students’ education in cases where writing code is a new skill. The article proposes a conceptual framework focused on the comprehensive training of future programmers using microlearning and automatic evaluation of source codes to achieve immediate feedback for students. This framework is designed to involve students in the software development of virtual learning environment software that will provide their education, thus ensuring the sustainability of the environment in line with modern development trends. The paper’s final part is devoted to verifying the contribution of the presented elements through quantitative research on the introductory parts of the framework. It turned out that although the application of interactive features did not lead to significant measurable progress during the first semester of study, it significantly improved the results of students in subsequent courses focused on advanced programming.

Improving Comprehension: Intelligent Tutoring System Explaining the Domain Rules When Students Break Them

“…The systems utilize different question types-single choice [11], multiple choice [11,19,22], drag and drop [22], dropdown choice [22], key in solution [22], and code fragments [11]. The feedback ranges from pass/fail results, errors, and the last correct line [11,13,27] to task-oriented predefined hints [22] and derived hints [20,23]. Most of the systems use hardcoded models (e.g., [19,22]); a few systems, such as [20], use formal models to represent the subjectdomain laws.…”

“…One way to guide a student through the domain concepts as learning objectives, control the results, and provide feedback during the learning process is the microlearning approach. It is an activity-oriented approach that provides learning in small parts, including information and interactive activities to practice [12,13].…”

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“…Studentcentered learning and specifics of the subject area have influenced the methods and teaching aids used to train future programmers. The effective means are the immediate assessment of the program code in automatic mode [7], the use of analytical projects [2], combination of related disciplines for the integrated development of professional competencies [4].…”