Concepts for biocontrol in marine environments: is there a way forward?

Atalah, Javier; Hopkins, Grant A.; Fletcher, Lauren; Castinel, A.; Forrest, Barrie M.

doi:10.3391/mbi.2015.6.1.01

Cited by 214 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Mouse and clinical data have shown an increase in the abundance of this species after RYGB (Liou et al, 2013; Palleja et al, 2016), and here we observed a similar trend on SG patients. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , a key species in the gut microbiome (Miquel et al, 2015), appeared under-represented post RYGB (Palleja et al, 2016). Sequencing data in this study also revealed other signature species with interesting changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Medina

Pedreros

Turiel

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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Bariatric surgery is highly successful in improving health compared to conventional dietary treatments. It has been suggested that the gut microbiota is a relevant factor in weight loss after bariatric surgery. Considering that bariatric procedures cause different rearrangements of the digestive tract, they probably have different effects on the gut microbiota. In this study, we compared the impact of medical treatment, sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on the gut microbiota from obese subjects. Anthropometric and clinical parameters were registered before, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Fecal samples were collected and microbiota composition was studied before and six months post treatment using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. In comparison to dietary treatment, changes in intestinal microbiota were more pronounced in patients subjected to surgery, observing a bloom in Proteobacteria. Interestingly, Bacteroidetes abundance was largely different after six months of each surgical procedure. Furthermore, changes in weight and BMI, or glucose metabolism, correlated positively with changes in these two phyla in these surgical procedures. These results indicate that distinct surgical procedures alter the gut microbiota differently, and changes in gut microbiota might contribute to health improvement. This study contributes to our understanding of the impact of weight loss surgery on the gut microbiota, and could be used to replicate this effect using targeted therapies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Medina

Pedreros

Turiel

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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“…This method of control of non-indigenous species is relatively well established in terrestrial and freshwater aquatic systems (e.g., Newman et al 1996, Baars et al 2010, Mangan & Baars 2013. Despite the promising preliminary results to date, this field is very much in its infancy in the marine environment (but see Atalah et al 2013aAtalah et al ,b, 2014Atalah et al , 2015, and further research is needed in this area.…”

Section: Removal Of Non-indigenous Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean Sprawl: Challenges and Opportunities for Biodiversity Management In A Changing World

Firth¹,

Knights²,

Bridger³

et al. 2016

Oceanography and Marine Biology - An Annual Review

142

191

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with the proliferation of coastal defences. This is an adaptation option (sensu IPCC 2014) that has been adopted worldwide to protect the growing coastal population and its property, transport infrastructure, industry and commerce, as well as valuable amenity and recreational areas (for review, see chapters in Burcharth et al. 2007, Zanuttigh et al. 2014). In this review, we discuss current evidence and thinking on biodiversity and ecosystem responses to global drivers of change, with a focus on recent rapid climate change and its interaction with regional and local impacts due to 'ocean sprawl'-the proliferation of artificial structures in the sea. We consider how efforts to combat climate change, such as mitigation via offshore renewables ('green' energies to reduce CO 2 emissions), and adaptation via sea defences are leading to a proliferation of artificial structures, resulting in changes in the proportion of hard versus soft coastal habitats, the distribution of species, assemblage composition, and community structure. We also discuss the role of coastal development, including ports and other transport infrastructure as well as offshore structures (e.g., oil and gas platforms), in altering coastal and marine ecosystem structure and functioning. Finally, we undertake a critical review of the current 'state of the art' in the emerging field of 'green engineering', which combines environmentally conscious attitudes, values, and principles with science, technology, and engineering practice, all directed towards improving local and global environmental quality. Our scope is the global coastline extending vertically to the uppermost extent of tidal influence, with particular emphasis on open coasts and offshore structures that have seen the most research. This is in contrast to the freshwater tidal reaches of estuaries, which have received little attention (but see Francis & Hoggart 2008, 2009, Hoggart et al. 2012). Many of the case studies and examples are drawn from temperate systems in developed countries, reflecting the experience of the authors and the distribution of published research. Two themes permeate our review: firstly, how ecosystem services are at risk from modification of the coast by artificial structures; secondly, the interaction between the provision of new 'hard' substratum as a societal adaptation response, resulting in altered habitat connectivity and changes in the distribution of species and composition of assemblages. We conclude by identifying current knowledge gaps and future research needs. Burgeoning coastal human populations The diversity of coastal habitats includes rocky shores, sandy and muddy beaches, barriers, spits and sand dunes, estuaries and lagoons, deltas, wetlands, and coral reefs. These individually and K27072_C004.indd 190 6/15/16 12:57 PM 191 OCEAN SPRAWL collectively provide a disproportionately greater number of ecosystem services (see Millennium Ecosystem Assessment [MEA] 2005 for a discussion of provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services) to human ...

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“…Recently there has been a move towards biological control through the introduction of natural predators (e.g. Atalah et al 2014Atalah et al , 2015; or through the development of diverse and resilient communities-sensu the diversity resistance hypothesis (Elton 1958, Stachowicz et al 2002, Arenas et al 2006. Rare taxa are typically missing from artificial structures (Chapman 2003, Pister 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-engineered rock pools: a concrete solution to biodiversity loss and urban sprawl in the marine environment

Firth

Browne

Knights

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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In coastal habitats artificial structures typically support lower biodiversity and can support greater numbers of non-native and opportunistic species than natural rocky reefs. Eco-engineering experiments are typically trialed to succeed; but arguably as much is learnt from failure than from success. Our goal was to trial a generic, cost effective, eco-engineering technique that could be incorporated into rock armouring anywhere in the world. Artificial rock pools were created from manipulated concrete between boulders on the exposed and sheltered sides of a causeway. Experimental treatments were installed in locations where they were expected to fail and compared to controls installed in locations in which they were expected to succeed. Control pools were created lower on the structure where they were immersed on every tidal cycle; experimental pools were created above mean high water spring tide which were only immersed on spring tides. We hypothesised that lower and exposed pools would support significantly higher taxon and functional diversity than upper and sheltered pools. The concrete pools survived the severe winter storms of 2013/14. After 12 months, non-destructive sampling revealed significantly higher mean taxon and functional richness in lower pools than upper pools on the exposed side only. After 24 months the sheltered pools had become inundated with sediments, thus failing to function as rock pools as intended. Destructive sampling on the exposed side revealed significantly higher mean functional richness in lower than upper pools. However, a surprisingly high number of taxa colonised the upper pools leading to no significant difference in mean taxon richness among shore heights. A high number of rare taxa in the lower pools led to total taxon richness being almost twice that of upper pools. These findings highlight that even when expected to fail concrete pools supported diverse assemblages, thus representing an affordable, replicable means of enhancing biodiversity on a variety of artificial structures.

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Concepts for biocontrol in marine environments: is there a way forward?

Cited by 214 publications

References 79 publications

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Distinct patterns in the gut microbiota after surgical or medical therapy in obese patients

Ocean Sprawl: Challenges and Opportunities for Biodiversity Management In A Changing World

Eco-engineered rock pools: a concrete solution to biodiversity loss and urban sprawl in the marine environment

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