Concentrations of strontium, barium, cadmium, copper, zinc, manganese, chromium, antimony, selenium, and lead in the liver and kidneys of dogs according to age, gender, and the occurrence of chronic kidney disease

Abstract

This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations.

Stężenie selenu w narządach i tkankach psa domowego (Canis lupus familiaris) z terenu północno-zachodniej Polski

“…The present study, similarly to the study by Paßlack et al [15], and contrary to the study by López-Alonso et al [22] found statistically significant differences in Se levels in the liver and kidneys of young and old dogs. There were also statistically significant differences in Se concentrations in the liver of young and old dogs from northwestern Poland, red and silver foxes from the same area [8,10], and raccoon dogs from southeastern Poland [24].…”

“…Much higher Se levels than in the present study were found by Paßlack et al [15] in dogs fed commercial feed.…”

“…There was no statistically significant differences between the concentration of Se in the examined organs and the sex of dogs from northwest Poland and dogs from Berlin [15] or dogs bred by Lugo inhabitants [22].…”

“…Paßlack et al [15] registered Se concentration in the liver, renal medulla and cortex of dogs from Berlin to be 0.43, 0.63 and 0.20 mg/kg w.w., respectively. The levels of Se in the liver and kidneys of dogs observed by López-Alonso et al [22] also exceeded those found in our study.…”

“…There are few studies that have used domesticated warm-blooded animals, such as dogs [15]. Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a good model organism on account of, among others things, its lifespan and exposure to similar environmental factors as humans.…”