Concentrations of heavy metals in animal hair in an urban setting in the Altai Republic

Background: Thermal power facilities using coal are in the first place in terms of emissions. From the burning of coal, about 2,100 tons/year of copper (Cu) falls to the Earth's surface annually. Prolonged inhalation intake of Cu into the human body as part of solid particles of atmospheric air from coal-fired boilers leads to accumulation of trace elements in tissues, the development of hyperelementosis. Aim: to identify the level of Cu accumulation in the hair of the population of the administrative center of the Altai Republic in relation to the content of trace elements in solid particles of snow cover. Methods: In 122 residents permanently residing in Gorno-Altaysk, the Cu content in the hair was determined in compliance with the necessary exclusion criteria. In the districts of 10 coal-fired boiler houses of the city, snow samples were taken for analysis for the content of Cu in snow water and solid snow particles. The concentration of Cu in the studied samples was determined by atomic absorption method (Kvant-2, Russia). The Mann - Whitney criterion and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Results: the Cu content in the hair of the examined does not depend on gender (U = 1741; p = 0.580), at the age of 4-21 years, the Cu concentration decreases (U = 29; p = 0.05). The concentration of Cu in the hair of residents of Gorno-Altaysk, compared with other regions of the world, corresponds to low values (10.0 mg / kg), hypo- (7.5 mg / kg 31.9%) is more common among the population than hyperelementosis (25 mg / kg - 5.7%). The Cu content in meltwater from all snow intakes in the areas of coal-fired boilers (0.019-0.049 mg / l) does not exceed the permissible concentration (MPC 0.1 mg / l). In the solid phases of snow from 10 samples (19.37-67.42 mg/kg), only three (56.4-67.2 mg/ kg) showed a slight excess of MPC (55 mg/ kg). No correlation was found between the concentration of Cu in the hair of the population and the content of trace elements in solid particles of snow. Conclusions: The assumption about the accumulation of Cu in the hair of the population of Gorno-Altaysk in elevated concentrations, inhalation intake of trace elements from coal boilers was not confirmed in this study.

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Quantitative analyses of copper in fine and solid particles of snow and hair in the population of Gorno-Altaysk

Chanchaeva

Lapin

Yzhikova

2022

Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)

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The concentration of cadmium and lead in the solid and finely dispersed phases of snow and hair of the population of Gorny Altai

Chanchaeva

Lapin

2022

Sibirskij nauchnyj medicinskij zhurnal

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To create a systematic database on the presence of metals in the environment and the human body, it is necessary to conduct local studies in different regions of the Russian Federation. A comprehensive analysis of the content of cadmium and lead in different coenotic links, including the human body, has not been carried out in the Altai Republic. The aim of the study was to reveal the level of lead and cadmium accumulation in the solid and finely dispersed phases of snow and hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk. Material and methods. The content of lead and cadmium in the snow and hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk was estimated by the atomic absorption method. Snow samples were taken in the areas of 10 central coal boilers, hair samples were taken from 122 volunteers permanently residing in the city. Results. The concentration of metals in snow water exceeded the maximum allowable concentrations: for cadmium (0.004–0.008 mg/kg) by 3.8–8.2 times; for lead (0.008–0.469 mg/kg) by 2–15.6 times. In the solid phases of snow, the content of metals exceeded the permissible level by about 3 times. The average value of the concentration of cadmium in the hair of the population was 0.16 mg/kg, which did not exceed the all-Russian reference value (0.25 mg/kg), the proportion of excess among the population was 6.5 %. The lead content (3.18 mg/kg) approximately corresponded to the all-Russian values (3.0 mg/kg), the excess was found among 43 % of the population. Conclusion. As a result of the widespread use of solid fuels, the presence of cadmium and lead in the environment increases, which is confirmed by the accumulation of these metals in the snow cover and the accumulation of the analyzed microelements in the hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk.

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Quantitative analysis of the content of manganese in the hair of the population of the administrative centre of Gorny Altai

Chanchaeva

2022

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. The dual value of manganese (Mn) for the human body is due to its need for low concentrations for many physiological processes and toxicity in excess intake and accumulation in the tissues. The intake of Mn in the body in concentrations exceeding the physiological norm occurs mainly by inhalation and extremely rarely by absorption through the intestine, so atmospheric air pollution is considered one of the most likely causes of the development of Mn hypermicroelementosis. Materials and methods. The quantitative content of Mn in the hair of the population of Gorno-Altaisk was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry to analyze the reference values and detect trace elements. Results. Hypomicroelementosis was detected in 3.3% of residents of Gorno-Altaisk, mainly in the age group of 4-17 years, hypermicroelementosis was detected in 17% of residents, mostly in the older age group. The reference values of the Mn concentration of the residents of Gorno-Altaisk (2.37 mg/kg) are close to the data of Japan (2.4 mg/kg) and the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (1.8-12.9 mg/kg). Thus, the reference values of the Mn concentration of the surveyed population of Gorno-Altaisk are close to the indices of large industrial regions. Limitations. The intake of Mn with particles from solid and liquid fuel emissions suspended in the air by residents was not evaluated. Conclusion. Against the background of the low industrial load in Gorno-Altaisk, the problem of widespread use of solid fossil fuels remains relevant. Due to the burning of coal, the atmospheric air is polluted with a wide range of heavy metals, including an increased content of Mn. The geographical features of the city cause poor self-cleaning of the air basin an increased concentration of pollutants in the atmospheric air, which increases the risk of hypermicroelementosis. The results of this study indicate the need to improve the level of ecological culture of the population of Gorno-Altaisk and completely abandon the use of solid fossil fuels.

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Concentrations of heavy metals in animal hair in an urban setting in the Altai Republic

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Quantitative analyses of copper in fine and solid particles of snow and hair in the population of Gorno-Altaysk

Quantitative analyses of copper in fine and solid particles of snow and hair in the population of Gorno-Altaysk

The concentration of cadmium and lead in the solid and finely dispersed phases of snow and hair of the population of Gorny Altai

Quantitative analysis of the content of manganese in the hair of the population of the administrative centre of Gorny Altai

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