Concentrations, health risks, and sources of hazardous air pollutants in Seoul-Incheon, a megacity area in Korea

Kim, Minji; Baek, Kyungmin; Heo, Ji Hoe; Cheong, Jang-Pyo; Baek, Sung‐Ok

doi:10.1007/s11869-021-00986-z

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…In addition to release into the air and secondary formation, volatile HAPs enter the atmosphere through intermediate transport. Even if a chemical is released initially into water, soil, sediment, or biota, when it is volatile, it will enter the atmosphere at some point through evaporation from water or soil [37,38].…”

Section: Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and Regulations for Mobile Biochar Production in the United States of America

Rodriguez Franco,

Page-Dumroese,

Pierson

et al. 2024

Forests

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Pyrolysis is a combustion process of woody biomass conducted under low or no oxygen conditions. It converts any kind of biomass into biochar, bio-oil, or biogas. Hence plants’ woody material can also be converted into bioenergy products. Valorization of woody biomass in the form of energy-rich compound biochar is a more sustainable technique as compared to conventional burning which leads to toxicity to the environment. Innovations and the need to limit open burning have resulted in numerous mobile and fixed plant pyrolysis methods that burn a variety of woody residues. Production technologies that reduce the need for open burning, the main source of potential pollutants, fall under the regulations in the Clean Air Act of 1990. This Act is the legal instrument to regulate air pollution at its source across the United States of America and it is implemented and enforced through the Environmental Protection Agency, in coordination with sister agencies. One newer innovation for reducing wood residues and emissions is an air curtain incinerator. Currently, the Clean Air Act regulates stationary solid waste incinerators, and this is also applied to mobile air curtain incinerators burning woody biomass. However, other woody biochar production methods (e.g., flame cap kilns) are not subjected to these regulations. Discrepancies in the interpretation of definitions related to incineration and pyrolysis and the myriad of differences related to stationary and mobile air curtain incinerators, type of waste wood from construction activities, forest residues, and other types of clean wood make the permit regulations confusing as permits can vary by jurisdiction. This review summarizes the current policies, regulations, and directives related to in-woods biochar production and the required permits.

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Section: Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and Regulations for Mobile Biochar Production in the United States of America

Rodriguez Franco,

Page-Dumroese,

Pierson

et al. 2024

Forests

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show abstract

“…In addition to release into the air and secondary formation, volatile HAPs enter the atmosphere through intermediate transport. Even if a chemical is released initially into water, soil, sediment, or biota, when is volatile it will enter the atmosphere at some point through evaporation from water or soil (Leikauf, 2002;Kim et al, 2021).…”

Section: Hazardous Air Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile Biochar Production and the Clean Air Act of 1990

Rodriguez-Franco,

Page-Dumroese,

Pierson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Pyrolysis is a combustion process of woody biomass conducted under low or no oxygen conditions. New innovations and the need to limit open burning has resulted in numerous mobile and fixed plant pyrolysis methods that burn a variety of woody residues. Production technologies that reduce the need for open burning, the main source of potential pollutants, fall under the regulations in the Clean Air Act of 1990. This Act is the legal instrument to regulate air pollution at its source across the United States of America and it is implemented and enforced through the Environmental Protection Agency, in coordination with sister agencies. One newer innovation for reducing woody residues and emissions is an air curtain incinerator. Currently, the Clean Air Act regulates stationary solid waste incinerators, and this is also applied to mobile air curtain incinerators burning woody biomass. However, other woody biochar production methods (e.g., flame cap kilns) are not subject to these regulations. Discrepancies in the interpretation of definitions related to incineration and pyrolysis and the myriad of differences related to stationary and mobile air curtain incinerators, type of waste wood from construction activities, forest residues, and other types of clean wood make the permitting regulations confusing as permits can vary by jurisdiction. This review summarizes the current policies, regulations, and directives related to in-woods biochar production and the required permits.

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“…Gaseous acetaldehyde (AA) was selected as a model air pollutant which is considered one of the toxic VOCs and found in indoor air as z E-mail: kimd@seoultech.ac.kr well as urban outdoor air of South Korea. 50 It has been demonstrated that Ag possesses a strong electroactivity in organic aldehyde electro-oxidation, especially via the formation of active oxygen on its surface. 51 Ag has been also used as a component of bimetallic catalysts for ethanol oxidation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Removal of Gaseous Acetaldehyde Using Ag-Hg Bimetallic Catalyst with a Liquid-Free Electrolyte

Govindan,

Yeom,

Choi

et al. 2024

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrochemical methods have been widely used to remove gaseous pollutants that are dissolved in liquids. However, there have been no significant attempts made to remove gaseous pollutants in their gas state, especially through electrochemical method. We attempted to remove gaseous acetaldehyde (AA) through electro-oxidation using an Ag-Hg bimetallic catalyst coated on a Ni foam electrode at a gas–solid interface. The interface was induced by a semi-solid agar gel in a membrane-divided electrolytic cell. We found that the semi-solid gel was a suitable solid electrolyte. Under inlet conditions of 15 ppm with a flow rate of 200 mL min-1, we could achieve up to 80% AA degradation. This was due to the effective transfer of electrons in the presence of the semi-solid gel, which was eight times higher than that obtained in the zero-gap method. In continuous operation of the electrochemical reactor with a single-pass of AA, we consistently achieved a removal capacity of 169.81 mg cm-2 hr-1 over a 1-h period in an Ar atmosphere. These results demonstrate the practical applicability of this electrochemical system developed using a liquid-free electrolyte and a bimetallic catalyst for the electrode.

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Concentrations, health risks, and sources of hazardous air pollutants in Seoul-Incheon, a megacity area in Korea

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Policy and Regulations for Mobile Biochar Production in the United States of America

Policy and Regulations for Mobile Biochar Production in the United States of America

Mobile Biochar Production and the Clean Air Act of 1990

Electrochemical Removal of Gaseous Acetaldehyde Using Ag-Hg Bimetallic Catalyst with a Liquid-Free Electrolyte

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