Concentration of Fluorescein in Tear Fluid after Instillation as Eye-Drops

Barendsen, H.; Oosterhuis, J. A.; Haeringen, N.J. van

doi:10.1159/000264988

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Higher pH as in suspensions A and B may favour the solubility of IN in the eye drop, but the bio-availability of ocular drugs also depends on lipid solubility, which for the acid compound IN will increase at lower pH. Hypotonic solutions (A) may influence the resorption of a drug from eye drops (Barendsen, Oosterhuis & van Haeringen, 1979) and the addition of Tween 80 to the suspensions A and B influences both the dispersity and the drop weight. Therefore, the use of a suspension as eye drops is unreproducible from the pharmacokinetic point of view and, moreover, may give rise to complaints of an irritating effect in patients.…”

Section: Eye Dropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Indomethacin on the anterior segment of the eye after paracentesis

Oosterhuis¹,

Haeringen²,

Glasius³

et al. 1981

Doc Ophthalmol

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The prostaglandin-inhibiting effect of Indomethacin (IN) was studied in rabbits, using paracentesis as a stimulus and rise in aqueous protein and fluorescein concentration after intravenous fluorescein injection as parameters. In eye pre-treated with IN eyedrops the rise in fluorescein and protein concentration in the secondary aqueous was less than the control eyes; the rise in the control eyes was less than in the eye of rabbits not treated with IN. There was good correlation between the rise in protein and the rise in fluorescein concentration in the secondary aqueous. The four different 0.5% IN suspensions used showed different PG-inhibiting activity, attributed to the difference in physiochemical composition.

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Section: Eye Dropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Indomethacin on the anterior segment of the eye after paracentesis

Oosterhuis¹,

Haeringen²,

Glasius³

et al. 1981

Doc Ophthalmol

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Diagnostic Agents in Ophthalmology: Sodium Fluorescein and Other Dyes

Jampol¹,

Cunha‐Vaz²

1984

Pharmacology of the Eye

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Sodium fluorescein (C2oHl00sNa2' resorcinolphthalein sodium, uranin, uranine yellow) is the dis odium salt of fluorescein, a weakly acidic dye of the xanthene series ( Fig. 1). It is an orange-red, odorless powder that is hygroscopic, freely soluble in water, and sparingly soluble in alcohol. Its molecular weight is 376 and its radius is 5.5 A. Fluorescein is synthesized by heating resorcinol with phthalic anhydride.Several properties of fluorescein contribute to its widespread use in ophthalmology. It is virtually nontoxic, shows only weak reversible tissue binding, and demonstrates the property of fluorescence. A fluorescent molecule absorbs light energy at a given wavelength. This results in excitation of electrons from the ground state to an excited state. Within a very short period oftime (about 10-9 s), the electrons return from the excitation state to the ground state and emit energy at a longer wavelength of light than that previously absorbed. The wavelengths at which fluorescein absorbs and emits light will vary, depending upon the pH of the solution, the thickness and concentration of the solution, the solvent, the presence of protein binding, the presence of hemoglobin, and other factors. Circulating fluorescein in the blood absorbs maximally at about 465-490 nm and has a peak emission at 520-530 nm. In the ocular fluids, the absorption peak is 480 nm and the emission peak is 520 nm. Fluorescein is a very efficient fluorescent molecule with a high quantum yield. Because of this, it can be detected at very low concentrations.Several additional properties of fluorescein mut be understood in order to appreciate its clinical uses. In general, the more intense the exciting light source, the greater will be the amount of fluorescence. Up to a point, increasing the concentration of fluorescein will result in increased fluorescence. At high concentrations, however, dimerization and polymerization occur and result in decreased fluorescence, with a shift in the emission spectrum to longer wavelengths. Quenching, a nonradiative dissipation ofthe absorbed energy, also occurs in concentrated solutions. Self-absorption of emitted light reduces fluorescence and the emission spectrum shifts toward longer wavelengths. For these reasons, highly concentrated so-

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Continuous fluorophotometric method of measuring tear turnover rate in humans and analysis of factors affecting accuracy

Webber

Jones

1986

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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Concentration of Fluorescein in Tear Fluid after Instillation as Eye-Drops

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

The effect of Indomethacin on the anterior segment of the eye after paracentesis

The effect of Indomethacin on the anterior segment of the eye after paracentesis

Diagnostic Agents in Ophthalmology: Sodium Fluorescein and Other Dyes

Continuous fluorophotometric method of measuring tear turnover rate in humans and analysis of factors affecting accuracy

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