Concentrated growth factor exudate enhances the proliferation of human periodontal ligament cells in the presence of TNF‑α

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of concentrated growth factor exudate (CGFe) on human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. From the peripheral blood of healthy donors, CGFe was prepared according to the Sacco protocol after 7 days of incubation. The hPDLCs were cultured by a tissue explant method and identified with anti-vimentin and anti-cytokeratin antibodies. Cells were subjected to four different treatments: i) Control; ii) TNF-α (10 ng/ml); iii) CGFe (concentration 50%); and iv) CGFe+TNF-α. The proliferation of hPDLCs was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 assays. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were determined by Alizarin Red S staining, alkaline phosphatase activity, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CGFe enhanced cell proliferation and upregulated ALP activity, the mineralization level, and osteogenic-associated osteocalcin, runt-related transcription factor 2 and Osterix gene expression in hPDLCs under inflammatory conditions induced by TNF-α. The present study demonstrated that CGFe enhanced hPDLC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in the presence of TNF-α-induced inflammation. As CGFe can be obtained from the venous blood of patients, it generates no immune reaction. Thus, it is more economical and beneficial to use CGFe in clinical periodontal regeneration practice than synthetic growth factors.

One-Year Results Evaluating the Effects of Concentrated Growth Factors on the Healing of Intrabony Defects Treated with or without Bone Substitute in Chronic Periodontitis

“…Because of the fibrin matrix of platelets, leukocytes, and high concentrations of many growth factors (e.g., TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, VEGF, IL-1β, and IL-6) in CGF preparations [19], CGF can promote the proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow cells and then promote wound healing processes and new bone formation [37]. Li et al recently reported that CGF not only has an osteogenic effect on human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in a normal culture, but also promotes hPDLCs osteogenesis in a TNF-α-induced inflammatory microenvironment [38].…”

Use of PRP, PRF and CGF in Periodontal Regeneration and Facial Rejuvenation—A Narrative Review

“…Regarding CGF, there are limited studies available in relation to periodontal regeneration. Its use has been proposed in dentistry for various situations, ranging from the filling of extraction sockets [70] to the filling of a cavity after cystectomy [71], sinus augmentation procedures [63,72,73], simple GBR procedures [74,75] or as a membrane support in recession coverage [28,[76][77][78]. It was demonstrated to possess the capacity to accelerate new bone formation [79].…”

Effect of autogenous growth factors released from platelet concentrates on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts: a comparative study

“…However, comparative studies between them have been conducted on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells of the apical papilla (Hong, Chen & Jiang, 2018) and animal bone defect repair (Park et al, 2016; Kim et al, 2014), only a few studies support this. Both L-PRF (Li et al, 2018; Duan et al, 2018) and CGF (Yu & Wang, 2014; Qiao & An, 2017; Li et al, 2019) have been reported to be effective in osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs. However, it has not been previously evaluated whether CGF used for PDLFs differentiation has better attributes than L-PRF.…”