Effect of autogenous growth factors released from platelet concentrates on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts: a comparative study

Abstract

BackgroundPlatelet concentrates have been used in tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of growth factors released from leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs).MethodsLeukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrins, CGFs and PDLFs were obtained from New Zealand rabbits. The release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) from L-PRFs and CGFs was measured at 5 h and 1, 3, 5, 7 days, using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The PDLFs were treated with exudates of L-PRF or CGF. After the treatment, cell counting kit-8 assay was performed at day 1, 3, 5 and 7. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and Western blotting were applied at day 7. Three blocking antibodies were used to neutralize the proteins of bFGF, BMP-2 and TGF-β1.ResultsLeukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin and CGF showed different growth factor release pattern, but similar accumulated concentration of these growth factors. PDLFs proliferation was significantly promoted by both L-PRF and CGF at day 1, 3 and 7, and CGF group was superior to L-PRF group at day 1 and 3. Both L-PRF and CGF significantly enhanced PDLFs ALP activity and protein expression of osteogenic markers. The osteopontin level was higher in CGF group than in L-PRF group, but no significant differences were found between two groups for ALP activity. Three blocking antibodies significantly downregulated both L-PRF and CGF induced osteogenic markers expression.ConclusionBoth CGF and L-PRF can promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs. The bFGF, BMP-2 and TGF-β1 are involved in both L-PRF and CGF induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLFs.

Human Fresh Fibrin Membrane with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) Induces Bone Formation in the Subcutaneous Tissues of Nude Mice

“…Moreover, compared to PRF, previous studies showed a better regenerative capacity of CGF with no significant differences in mechanical and degradation properties [ 26 , 27 ]. Since it was reported that bFGF, BMP-2, and TGF-β1 were detected in rabbit-derived CGF and leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) that could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro [ 28 ], bone induction by the CGF alone graft was expected in the in vivo ectopic site. However, bone and cartilage induction did not occur alone in the CGF membrane, in the current study.…”

Responses of canine periodontal ligament cells to bubaline blood derived platelet rich fibrin in vitro

“…Rabbit leukocyte- and PRF induced osteogenic differentiation in rabbit periodontal ligament cells 42 . In this regard, rabbit blood derived PRF significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and osteogenic marker gene expression 42 .…”

“…Rabbit leukocyte- and PRF induced osteogenic differentiation in rabbit periodontal ligament cells 42 . In this regard, rabbit blood derived PRF significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and osteogenic marker gene expression 42 . Correspondingly, human blood derived PRF significantly promoted alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity and mineralization by human periodontal ligament cells 43 .…”

Application of a New Type of Natural Calcined Bone Repair Material Combined with Concentrated Growth Factors in Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Critical-Sized Calvarial Defect

“…Thus, CGF prolongs the duration of growth factor activity, which is suitable for growth factor synergy, enhancing cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Some studies in vitro showed that CGF cocultured with periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and bone marrow stromal stem cells induce differentiation into osteoblasts [ 11 , 15 , 16 ]. In our study, no sufficient amount of new bone tissue was observed in the bone defect area filled with CGF alone, and there was no significant difference between CGF and the blank group.…”

“…In this study, CGF and n-hydroxyapatite combination had the best osteogenic effect, which was superior to other groups regarding the amount of osteogenesis and reconstruction of the bone structure. This may be related to the following: n-hydroxyapatite provides a reliable scaffold for the attachment of early osteoblasts; CGF can release growth factors in the early postoperative period and promote the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts [ 16 ]. In the middle and later stages, CGF gel was absorbed into the bone particles, which resulted in more vascular tissue formation, enhanced local vascularization, increased nutrient supply, and growth factor regulation during bone repair and regeneration, resulting in more bone tissue formation.…”