Comunidades Tradicionais: Saberes E Sabores Dos Indigenas De Aratuba Aos Quilombolas De Baturité- Ce

Abstract

Resumo. As comunidades tradicionais são reconhecidas pelo seu modo de organização e cultura pró-pria, por ter seus costumes, práticas, religião e reprodução social baseadas na ancestralidade e em suas tradições. Entre as existentes no território brasileiro e no Ceará, especificamente, tomamos como objeto de estudo a aldeia Kanindé de Aratuba onde vivem 185 famílias, cerca de 641 habitantes, e os Quilombolas da Serra do Evaristo localizado no Município de Baturité, onde residem atualmente 150 famílias, aproximadamente, 560 habitantes; ambas vivem, principalmente, da agricultura familiar, a qual é responsável pela sua principal fonte de alimentação. Nesse contexto, definimos o recorte espacial dessas comunidades pela sua historicidade e expressiva cultura alimentar, com o foco na identificação dos seus alimentos tradicionais, considerando seus saberes e costumes locais. Para consolidação desta pesquisa, foi fundamental o desenvolvimento de um estudo etnográfico, que nos possibilitou por meio de observação participativa efetivar o levantamento de dois pratos tradicionais da aldeia que foram o mungunzá salgado e o pirão de fava; e três no quilombo o mungunzá salgado, doce de mamão e a cocada, sendo que desses, dois possuem as mesmas características e modos de preparo diferente além de serem comumente consumidos em épocas festivas são reconhecidos como alimentos tradicionais pelas duas comunidades.Palavras-chaves: Comunidades tradicionais. Tradição. Alimentos tradicionais. Indígenas. Quilombolas.Abstract. Traditional communities are recognized for their organizational processes in Brazil and particularly its own and unique culture, to have their customs, practices, religion and social reproduction based on ancestry and tradition. Among all of the existing in Brazil and Ceará specifically, we take as the object of study Kanindé village Aratuba which live 185 families distributed around 641 inhabitants, and the Quilombo of Evaristo located in the city of Baturité, where 150 families currently reside subdivided into about 560 inhabitants; both live preferably from family farms, coming from the main power supply. We chose these communities for its historicity and expressive food culture, with a focus on identification of their traditional foods, considering their knowledge and local customs. To consolidation of this was fundamental to develop an ethnographic study, which allowed us to through participant observation to survey two traditional dishes of the village and three in the Quilombo, of these, two have the same characteristics and different preparation methods, and are commonly consumed in festive seasons are recognized as traditional foods by the two communities.

Knowledge and Use of the Flora in a Quilombola Community of Northeastern Brazil

“…Despite the self-recognition not being unanimous, this community is in agreement with Maciel et al (2016), having traces of African culture clearly respected and reflected in its form of organization, way of life and living cultural traits such as the São Gonçalo dance and its typical cuisine with mungunzá salgado, papaya marmalade and cocada. But is it also true for the knowledge and use of plants?…”

“…The Quilombola community of Serra do Evaristo, in the municipality of Baturité, is located on the windward slope of the massif at an altitude of 533 m (Oliveira et al, 2016). It is composed of approximately 560 inhabitants distributed across 135 families that mainly live on family agriculture (Maciel et al, 2016). The vegetation is a Submontane Semi-deciduous Seasonal Forest with an average annual precipitation of 1079 mm (Araújo et al, 2006).…”

“…This relationship of knowledge and use can be a link for conserving local biodiversity, provided that these native resources are used sustainably and the crops are used sparingly, taking into account sustainable practices. Maciel et al (2016) found that the Quilombola community of Baturité conserves the local knowledge and flavors through the maintenance of dances and traditional foods. These data, along with the high plant richness recorded in this study, reinforce the role of Quilombola communities in the conservation of local knowledge, as highlighted by Silva & Andrade (2005).…”