Comunicação, ocupação, representação: três olhares sobre a noção de advocacy em contextos de deliberação pública

Abstract

O presente artigo busca compreender, de modo mais sistemático, a noção de advocacy – tomada, particularmente em contextos de deliberação pública. Indo às origens políticas e etimológicas do termo advocacy, e reconhecendo que a advocacy engendrada por atores cívicos pode assumir acepções de i) skills numa situação comunicativa; ii) práticas técnico-competentes de ocupação dos sistemas político e midiático, e da vida social; e iii) práticas de representação política, procuramos apontar que riscos como o cerramento dialógico, a imposição discursiva e a essencialização identitária podem advir de práticas de advocacy, em contextos deliberativos democráticos. Contudo, a tematização ampla de questões e a tradução de demandas surgidas em ambientes restritos podem indicar alguns caminhos possíveis para a compreensão de ganhos da advocacy, em processos ampliados de deliberação pública.

Advocacy and the role of human rights organizations in the Brazilian legislative branch: Rede Justiça Criminal campaigns

“…The activity is developed by groups that fight for causes and seek practical achievements, such as the approval of a law, the prominence gained in social media or the participation in debates in deliberative arenas, such as in a parliament (Mafra, 2014; Patri, 2011). Therefore, it consists of systematic efforts that make specific political goals possible (Prakash and Gugerty, 2010).…”

“…However, it is important to highlight that working in coalition requires professionals to make decisions on behalf of their organizations while at the same time coordinating and balancing these choices together with the efforts of their alliance partners (Doerfel, 2018). In summary, advocacy is understood in this study as a function of PR (Edgett, 2002), materialized in a process (see Figure 1) and made through a set of activities carried out systematically (Prakash and Gugerty, 2010) to influence political decisions that benefit citizens without a voice in the political arena (Mafra, 2014). A human rights advocacy network is perceived as a collective of political actors that influences political processes (Saffer et al , 2013) to defend fundamental freedoms and human dignity.…”

“…6. Freely translated by the author. In the original: “ sem voz e vez nas arenas políticas formais, em condições de violação de direitos, de sofrimento moral e/ou de invisibilidade na cena pública ” (Mafra, 2014, p. 182).…”

“…Monitoring and problem identification (pre-campaign) Gen and Wright (2013), Mafra (2014) and Prakash and Gugerty (2010) Table 2.…”

Autismo, Narrativas Maternas e Ativismo dos Anos 1970 a 20081

“…Roy RichardGrinker (2010) points out that this association between autism, motherhood and guilt had a greater influence, especially in countries whose influence of psychoanalysis is greater, as was (and still is) the case of France and Argentina.6 Advocacy are practices developed by and for groups that have no space in the formal political arena. These are actions that encompass a communicative, technical-competent dimension and the occupation of political, media and social spaces(Mafra, 2014).…”