Computer simulation of the flows of hot gases from the fire at King's Cross Underground station

Simcox, S.; Wilkes, N. S.; Ih, Jones

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(92)90047-g

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This phenomenon is a manifestation of Coanda effect. It is also known as the trench effect which has been observed in fires over inclined surface [31,32]. Further downstream, buoyancy force prevails and the plume is lifted above the ground as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fire and Wind Interactionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Numerical Investigation of Bushfire-Wind Interaction and its Impact on Building Structure

He¹,

Kwok²,

Douglas³

et al. 2011

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Presented in this paper are the results of a numerical study on bushfire, wind and structure interactions. The association of bushfires with wind has long been recognized. However, the mechanism of their interaction has not received due attention. In the current study a computational fluid dynamics package was used to reveal the enhancement of wind by fires at scales comparable to buildings and the impact on buildings. The study also revealed a pulsation movement of flames under the influence of free stream wind conditions. The predicted pressure coefficient distribution around a building under no-fire condition was compared with the experimental result measured by others. Reasonably good agreement was obtained before a fire was added to reveal the impact of the fire.KEYWORDS: CFD, modeling, pressure coefficient, pulsation, velocity, wildfires. NOMENCLATURE LISTINGnormalized power spectrum (energy fraction at given frequency) (s)

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Section: Fire and Wind Interactionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Numerical Investigation of Bushfire-Wind Interaction and its Impact on Building Structure

He¹,

Kwok²,

Douglas³

et al. 2011

Fire Saf. Sci.

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“…CFD has been widely used for fire modeling [6,7]. The governing equations for the conservation of mass, energy and turbulence kinetic energy/dissipation that are used in the field model can be expressed in the following general format:…”

Section: Field Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field modeling approach [6][7][8] is based on numerically solving the basic conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy in the whole solution domain using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. Obviously, the field model can provide more detailed information about smoke propagation such as the distributions of gas velocity, temperature and smoke concentration in any part of the domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a hybrid field and zone model for fire smoke propagation simulation in buildings

Hua

Wang

Kumar

2005

Fire Safety Journal

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“…Because of the unique configuration of the underground mass transit stations, smoke management has been widely studied by field tests, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and other tools. Among others, these studies include the validation study on the London Kings Cross Station fire [3] and the critical velocity in tunnel fires [4,5]. * In addition to effective smoke control, sufficient circulation capacity is needed to ensure a timely evacuation of the station.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Code Approach for Emergency Evacuation in a Rail Station

Kang

2007

Fire Technol

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This paper presents an emergency evacuation analysis during a mid-platform train fire in an underground rail station. A time-based evacuation scenario is developed taking into account the stairway inaccessibility due to smoke blockage. The calculation approach in NFPA 130 is then applied to a parametric study of this time-based scenario and its reliability is examined using a micro-simulation model. Both methods give consistent predictions of the exiting times. The results demonstrate that with the division of the station into two zones, the exiting time could not meet the code requirements, whereas it does meet the required exiting time without the division. Such division is due to smoke blockage and creates an uneven ratio of the occupant load to the available exiting capacity. This shows that appropriate consideration of the fire and smoke effects is important for station egress evaluation. Other issues such as the fire growth rate and the pre-evacuation time are also discussed.

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Computer simulation of the flows of hot gases from the fire at King's Cross Underground station

Cited by 69 publications

References 3 publications

Numerical Investigation of Bushfire-Wind Interaction and its Impact on Building Structure

Numerical Investigation of Bushfire-Wind Interaction and its Impact on Building Structure

Development of a hybrid field and zone model for fire smoke propagation simulation in buildings

Application of Code Approach for Emergency Evacuation in a Rail Station

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