Development of a hybrid field and zone model for fire smoke propagation simulation in buildings

Hua, Jinsong; Wang, Jian; Kumar, Kurichi

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2004.09.005

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The hybrid modeling technology described in this paper is being developed to reduce the run time associated with detailed fire simulations required for risk assessment analysis of passenger ship designs. Previous work on the implementation of hybrid models focused initially on two-dimensional problem domains [8]; this was expanded to three dimensions [9], and later work allowed for simulations across different floors of a multifloor domain [10]. The hybrid model proposed here utilizes the zone model representation to replace the field calculation in relatively small compartments not directly involved in the scenario, or regions of large solution domains which are far from the region of fire origin and of little direct interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Hybrid Field/Zone Fire Model

Burton¹,

Grandison²,

Patel³

et al. 2011

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 10th International Sym

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A novel hybrid field/zone fire model, coupling the SMARTFIRE CFD fire model to both the CFAST zone model and a custom zone model is presented. The intention of the hybrid model is to reduce the computational overheads incurred in using fire field models to simulate large geometries such as large buildings or large passenger ships, while maintaining the accuracy of the fire field model. In using the hybrid model, only the most important parts of the geometry are fully modeled using the field model. Other less important parts of the geometry are modeled using the zone model. From the field model's perspective, the zone model is used to represent parts of the geometry as an accurate boundary condition. By using this approach, many computational cells are replaced by a simple zone model, saving computational costs. Two tests cases demonstrating the technique are presented. It is shown that the hybrid approach is capable of producing reasonably accurate predictions of fire development while substantially reducing computational costs. It is shown that by removing some 56% of the CFD solution domain, the hybrid case can achieve a saving of 48% in the run time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Hybrid Field/Zone Fire Model

Burton¹,

Grandison²,

Patel³

et al. 2011

Fire Safety Science - Proceedings of the 10th International Sym

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show abstract

“…1,5,[10][11][12] Both zone model and field model were combined in a study to best utilize their optimum benefits while simulating complex multicompartments. 13 CFD techniques vary widely among different models used in practice. While some CFD codes assume smoke as a gaseous mixture of dissolved gases, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of an automated smoke control system in an industrial atrium

Sharaf¹,

El-Sawah²

2019

IPCSE

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Pool fires are the most common hazard in many industrial applications. Therefore, automated fire control systems and occupational safety design codes and procedures are of major importance in industrial building systems design. Smoke is the main factor that causes deaths and casualties in fires. Thus, fire safety engineering (FSE) considers smoke management system as one of the most important factors. In this study, smoke generation during pool fire is numerically simulated to optimize the smoke management system. The smoke and temperature distributions inside a mechanically ventilated atrium are simulated using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) transient model after initiating a diesel pool fire in the worst case scenario. Four numerical models are simulated and their results are compared to choose the model that optimizes smoke control. The models enable better approximations of the underlying physical phenomena in smoke transport for a single phase gas mixture. A velocity field approach is predicted using a turbulent standard k-ε model to study the domain with smoke plume. The ability to demonstrate and predict the flow field inside the atrium while the roof exhaust fans are operating is also investigated. The study aids in smoke management systems' design and helps to better understand of smoke plume behavior inside large spaces.

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“…Thus, as a fire grows inside a building, the vertical shafts in high-structure like stairwells, elevator shafts and warehouses, can be critical routes of toxic smoke migration. Many research papers have been published on the impacts of fire smoke controls on safety, and different models for smoke movement, such as field models, zone models and network models [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] have been developed. A novel hybrid fire model integrated with the field and zone models was developed to simulate the smoke propagation in a multi-storey building, in which consists of a room on fire and two-layer zone model for the corridors [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many research papers have been published on the impacts of fire smoke controls on safety, and different models for smoke movement, such as field models, zone models and network models [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] have been developed. A novel hybrid fire model integrated with the field and zone models was developed to simulate the smoke propagation in a multi-storey building, in which consists of a room on fire and two-layer zone model for the corridors [5]. The room on fire is divided into an arbitrary number of horizontal layers, in which the temperature and some other physical properties for each layer is assumed to be uniform with a good agreement between experimental and theoretical results [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Model to Predict Smoke Movement in Vertical Shafts During a High - Rise Structural Fire

Zhang¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

JESTR

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A simplified two-layered zonal model coupled with a network model is developed to predict the smoke movement in vertical shafts such as stairwells and elevator shafts during a high-rise fire. The main governing equations of smoke movement consist of conservation equations of mass and energy, convective heat transfer, radiative heat transfer and momentum transfer. It is essential to consider the temperature distribution in the vertical shaft, the buoyancy-induced flow and heat transfer results of strong upward forces known as "stack effect". This model is aiming at predicting the smoke movement in order to develop a successful fire protection plan and improve the occupants' safety in the event of fire. The model analysis yields three main measures to improve safety on the upper floors, including increasing the vent size on the top of the elevator shaft, pressurizing the floors except the fire floor and reducing the gaps around elevators. These measures can also raise the location of neutral pressure plane (NPP) which is critical for upper floor smoke controls. Ultimately, the location of NPP can be raised above the total height of structure, thus the smoke will be kept inside and exhausted out of the elevator shaft.

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Development of a hybrid field and zone model for fire smoke propagation simulation in buildings

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Development of a Hybrid Field/Zone Fire Model

Development of a Hybrid Field/Zone Fire Model

Optimization of an automated smoke control system in an industrial atrium

A Simplified Model to Predict Smoke Movement in Vertical Shafts During a High - Rise Structural Fire

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