Computer-automated tuning of semiconductor double quantum dots into the single-electron regime

Baart, Timothy A.; Eendebak, Pieter; Reichl, Christian; Wegscheider, Werner; Vandersypen, L. M. K.

doi:10.1063/1.4952624

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Further automation [35] will be paramount for the efficient calibration of longer chains, which can for instance, together with programmable disorders in on-site energies, be mapped onto the physics of many-body localization [36]. Advances in device size, connectivity and homogeneity are underway as well in the pursuit of scalable quantum computing, the results of which can be directly leveraged.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantum simulation of a Fermi–Hubbard model using a semiconductor quantum dot array

Hensgens

Fujita

Janssen

et al. 2017

Nature

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309

329

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Interacting fermions on a lattice can develop strong quantum correlations, which lie at the heart of the classical intractability of many exotic phases of matter [1, 2, 3, 4]. Seminal efforts are underway in the control of artificial quantum systems, that can be made to emulate the underlying Fermi-Hubbard models [5, 6, 7, 8,9,10,11]. Electrostatically confined conduction band electrons define interacting quantum coherent spin and charge degrees of freedom that allow all-electrical pure-state initialisation and readily adhere to an engineerable Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. Until now, however, the substantial electrostatic disorder inherent to solid state has made attempts at emulating Fermi-Hubbard physics on solid-state platforms few and far between [24,25]. Here, we show that for gate-defined quantum dots, this disorder can be suppressed in a controlled manner. Novel insights and a newly developed semi-automated and scalable toolbox allow us to homogeneously and independently dial in the electron filling and nearest-neighbour tunnel coupling. Bringing these ideas and tools to fruition, we realize the first detailed characterization of the collective Coulomb blockade transition [26], which is the finite-size analogue of the interaction-driven Mott metal-to-insulator transition [1]. As automation and device fabrication of semiconductor quantum dots continue to improve, the ideas presented here show how quantum dots can be used to investigate the physics of ever more complex many-body states.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RF reflectometry [1] of the sensing dot channel conductance is done at 110. 35 MHz employing a homebuilt LC circuit on the printed circuit board. The sample was cooled down in an Oxford Kelvinox 400HA dilution refridgerator to a base temperature of 45mK whilst applying positive bias voltages to all gates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum simulation of a Fermi–Hubbard model using a semiconductor quantum dot array

Hensgens

Fujita

Janssen

et al. 2017

Nature

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309

329

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“…Earlier work on automation of tuning for semiconductor quantum dots has shown that it is possible to automatically form double quantum dots with a sensing dot (SD), and to find the single electron regime in the double dot, however, without the control of the inter-dot tunnel coupling. 10 More recently, such automated tuning routines were used to determine the initialization, read-out, and manipulation points for a singlet-triplet qubit. 11 Machine learning was used for the automated tuning between an open channel, a single dot and a double quantum dot regime in a nanowire.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Such a starting point can be obtained from a computer-automated tuning algorithm. 10 We also require a rough estimate of the electron temperature for the modelling of charge transition line widths. For the PAT measurements, we calibrated the microwave power such that we only observe single-photon lines.…”

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confidence: 99%

Automated tuning of inter-dot tunnel coupling in double quantum dots

Diepen

Eendebak

Buijtendorp

et al. 2018

Applied Physics Letters

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Semiconductor quantum dot arrays defined electrostatically in a 2D electron gas provide a scalable platform for quantum information processing and quantum simulations. For the operation of quantum dot arrays, appropriate voltages need to be applied to the gate electrodes that define the quantum dot potential landscape. Tuning the gate voltages has proven to be a time-consuming task, because of initial electrostatic disorder and capacitive cross-talk effects. Here, we report on the automated tuning of the inter-dot tunnel coupling in gate-defined semiconductor double quantum dots. The automation of the tuning of the inter-dot tunnel coupling is the next step forward in scalable and efficient control of larger quantum dot arrays. This work greatly reduces the effort of tuning semiconductor quantum dots for quantum information processing and quantum simulation.

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“…In addition, two RF charge sensors are independently and simultaneously operated using a frequency multiplexing technique30 to complementarily and precisely read out the charge states. We modify the charge configuration with gate voltages to demonstrate the utility of this architecture by comparing the measured stability diagrams with capacitance model calculations32.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection and control of charge states in a quintuple quantum dot

Ito

Otsuka

Amaha

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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A semiconductor quintuple quantum dot with two charge sensors and an additional contact to the center dot from an electron reservoir is fabricated to demonstrate the concept of scalable architecture. This design enables formation of the five dots as confirmed by measurements of the charge states of the three nearest dots to the respective charge sensor. The gate performance of the measured stability diagram is well reproduced by a capacitance model. These results provide an important step towards realizing controllable large scale multiple quantum dot systems.

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Computer-automated tuning of semiconductor double quantum dots into the single-electron regime

Cited by 62 publications

References 17 publications

Quantum simulation of a Fermi–Hubbard model using a semiconductor quantum dot array

Quantum simulation of a Fermi–Hubbard model using a semiconductor quantum dot array

Automated tuning of inter-dot tunnel coupling in double quantum dots

Detection and control of charge states in a quintuple quantum dot

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