Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) in the Critically Endangered Captive Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr): A Multivariate Clustering Analysis

Baqir, Senan; Ab, Orabah; Al-Zeheimi, Noura; Al-Shakaili, Y.; Al-Rasbi, K.; Cj, Gartley; Mastromonaco, Gabriela F.

doi:10.4172/2157-7579.1000526

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Figure 5 shows representative sperm tracks and kinematic values for rapid progressive sperm of the African lion, Bengal tiger and African leopard. Progress has also been made to adapt different domestic animal settings and establish the correct CASA settings for sperm motility (for example, progressive motility) for the endangered Arabian leopard [41]. The Comparative Spermatology Group at the University of the Western Cape, in conjunction with several other research groups, including the National Zoological Garden in Pretoria as well as Dr. Imke Lueders from Hamburg, studied lion semen and sperm functionality in some 50 male lions in South Africa (some aspects published [40], but mostly unpublished).…”

Section: Carnivoramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carnivoramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Status of Sperm Functionality Assessment in Wildlife Species: From Fish to Primates

Horst

2021

Animals

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(1) Background: in order to propagate wildlife species (covering the whole spectrum from species suitable for aquaculture to endangered species), it is important to have a good understanding of the quality of their sperm, oocytes and embryos. While sperm quality analyses have mainly used manual assessment in the past, such manual estimations are subjective and largely unreliable. Accordingly, quantitative and cutting-edge approaches are required to assess the various aspects of sperm quality. The purpose of this investigation was to illustrate the latest technology used in quantitative evaluation of sperm quality and the required cut-off points to distinguish the differential grades of fertility potential in a wide range of vertebrate species. (2) Methods: computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) with an emphasis on sperm motility, 3D tracking and flagellar and sperm tracking analysis (FAST), as well as quantitative assessment of sperm morphology, vitality, acrosome status, fragmentation and many other complimentary technologies. (3) Results: Assessing sperm quality revealed a great deal of species specificity. For example, in freshwater fish like trout, sperm swam in a typical tight helical pattern, but in seawater species sperm motility was more progressive. In amphibian species, sperm velocity was slow, in contrast with some bird species (e.g., ostrich). Meanwhile, in African elephant and some antelope species, fast progressive sperm was evident. In most species, there was a high percentage of morphologically normal sperm, but generally, low percentages were observed for motility, vitality and normal morphology evident in monogamous species. (4) Conclusions: Sperm quality assessment using quantitative methodologies such as CASA motility, FAST analysis, morphology and vitality, as well as more progressive methodologies, assisted in better defining sperm quality—specifically, sperm functionality of high-quality sperm. This approach will assist in the propagation of wildlife species.

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Section: Carnivoramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carnivoramentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Sperm Functionality Assessment in Wildlife Species: From Fish to Primates

Horst

2021

Animals

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Establishment of semen collection technique using electroejaculator and semen cryopreservation of Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809)

Mulia

Widianti²,

Manansang³

et al. 2021

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) is a subspecies of Panthera pardus spp., spread across the African and Asian regions. Information on reproductive aspects is crucial for wild animals, including the Javan leopard. In this study, we aimed to develop electroejaculator (EE) techniques and evaluate cryopreservation success in Javan leopard semen. Materials and Methods: The semen of four adult Javan leopards was collected once a week using EE. Placement of the EE probe in the rectum was performed after ultrasound imaging (ultrasonography) to determine the prostate body location. The semen obtained was then evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Three Javan leopards were used for cryopreservation. The ejaculate was divided into two parts [i.e., one part diluted with AndroMed® (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) and the other part with Steridyl® (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany)] at a 1:1 ratio immediately after collection and evaluation. The semen was then packed in a 0.25 mL MiniStraw® (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) then equilibrated at 4°C for 2 h. After equilibration, the straw was then frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor. Frozen semen was then stored in containers until further evaluation. Results: The results showed that ejaculation response occurred at all levels of stimulation, while erections did not always occur. The fastest ejaculation and erection occurred at the fourth voltage. The macroscopic evaluation showed that the semen volume was 0.80±0.26 mL, cloudy white, pH 7.44±0.14, and with watery semen consistency. The microscopic evaluation showed that the sperm motility was 66.98±0.39%, with sperm viability of 75.6±1.79%. Sperm concentration was 62.17±46.95×106 mL–1 with a total concentration of 42.14±23.51×106 cells. Normal sperm morphology is only 40.72±6.26%. Conclusion: This study concluded that the development of a semen collection technique using an EE preceded by imaging of the EE probe location using ultrasound was effective for the ejaculation of Javan leopards. The characteristics of the semen of the Javan leopard showed moderate semen volume, sperm motility, and viability. Javan leopard showed low sperm concentration and normal sperm morphology.

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Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) in the Critically Endangered Captive Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr): A Multivariate Clustering Analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 64 publications

Status of Sperm Functionality Assessment in Wildlife Species: From Fish to Primates

Status of Sperm Functionality Assessment in Wildlife Species: From Fish to Primates

Establishment of semen collection technique using electroejaculator and semen cryopreservation of Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809)

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