Computed tomography of the tarsal joint in clinically normal dogs

Gielen, Ingrid; Rycke, Lieve M. De; Bree, H. van; Simoens, Paul

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1911

Cited by 26 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…7,15 Furthermore, both bone and soft tissue structures can be evaluated in high and medium frequency algorithms, by varying the grayscale window and level, and with multiplanar reconstructed views. 14,19 In a previous study, CT demonstrated higher observer accuracy in describing severely comminuted fractures of the central tarsal bone in racing greyhounds compared to radiography. 4 However, no study has directly compared CT and radiography for detection of traumatic fractures of the canine tarsus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…12,13 Disadvantages of using radiography to interpret complex joints include the superimposition of overlaying structures and relatively low contrast resolution. 4,7,14 This superimposition can produce radiolucent lines that could be misinterpreted as a fracture and complicate fracture identification. 4 Additionally, small fractures in the tarsal bones may not be detected if the x-ray beam does not pass parallel to the fracture plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,18 Use of CT to evaluate complex joints has several advantages compared to radiography. 4,7,14,19 The tomographic nature of CT generates two-dimensional transverse images eliminating the superimposition of the tarsal bones. 19 Compared with radiography, CT also has a higher contrast resolution that can result in better detection of subtle pathological variations in tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Detection and accurate classification of traumatic tarsal fractures are important for identifying cases requiring surgical intervention. The aim of this prospective, experimental, methods comparison study was to directly compare the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of tarsal computed tomography (CT), ten-view and two-view digital radiographs for detecting traumatic fractures of the canine tarsus. The working hypothesis was that tarsal fractures would be detected with higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity using CT imaging compared to radiography, and a tenview would be superior to a two-view radiographic study. Ten cadaver hind limbs of medium to large dogs received a CT scan and ten-view radiographic study before and after induction of fractures with a hydraulic press. All bones included in the radiographic images were assessed for fractures by two observers and gross dissection was used as the gold standard. The two-view radiographic study (dorsoplantar, lateromedial) was created from the ten-view study and reviewed 2 years later. All limbs sustained fractures, the most common locations were the talus and calcaneus (n = 7). The sensitivity of CT was greater than ten-view radiographic study (77% vs. 57%), while the specificity was similar (97% vs. 98%). The sensitivity and specificity of the ten-view and twoview radiograph studies were similar (57% vs. 55%; both 98%). Computed tomography images were reassessed postdissection to determine if failure to identify fractures resulted from observer error. Overall, CT was better than radiography for detecting fractures of the canine tarsus, however there was little improvement with ten-view compared to two-view radiographic studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Because of the complexity of the bovine tarsus, a CT anatomy guide with standard reconstruction planes is necessary for accurate interpretation of CT images in patients. CT anatomy of the tarsus has been studied in the horse (Tomlinson et al., ; Raes et al., ), the dog (Gielen et al., ) and the dromedary camel (Hagag et al., ) but until now, a reference for the normal CT anatomy of the bovine tarsus has not been published. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide a detailed multiplanar CT reference of the clinically normal bovine tarsus via comparison of CT images with gross specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed Tomography of the Normal Bovine Tarsus

Hagag

Tawfiek

Brehm

et al. 2016

Anat. Histol. Embryol.

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The objective of this study was to provide a detailed multiplanar computed tomographic (CT) anatomic reference for the bovine tarsus. The tarsal regions from twelve healthy adult cow cadavers were scanned in both soft and bone windows via a 16-slice multidetector CT scanner. Tarsi were frozen at -20 C and sectioned to 10-mm-thick slices in transverse, dorsal and sagittal planes respecting the imaging protocol. The frozen sections were cleaned and then photographed. Anatomic structures were identified, labelled and compared with the corresponding CT images. The sagittal plane was indispensable for evaluation of bone contours, the dorsal plane was valuable in examination of the collateral ligaments, and both were beneficial for assessment of the tarsal joint articulations. CT images allowed excellent delineation between the cortex and medulla of bones, and the trabecular structure was clearly depicted. The tarsal soft tissues showed variable shades of grey, and the synovial fluid was the lowest attenuated structure. This study provided full assessment of the clinically relevant anatomic structures of the bovine tarsal joint. This technique may be of value when results from other diagnostic imaging techniques are indecisive. Images presented in this study should serve as a basic CT reference and assist in the interpretation of various bovine tarsal pathology.

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“…However, the need for general anaesthesia and high costs limited using these techniques in veterinary clinics (Arencibia et al, ). Meanwhile, low cost‐effective MRI and CT facilities motivated several studies on different animal species; canine (Gielen, Rycke, Bree, & Simoens, ; Ober & freeman, ; Ricciardi & Lenoci, ), equine (Hevesi et al, ; Sampson & Tucker, ; Sherlock, Mair, Ireland, & Blunden, ), camel (El‐Nahas et al, ; Alsafy, El‐Gendy, & Kamal et al, ; Ibrahim, Adam, & Tawfiek, , ) and bovine (Abdellatif, Hamed, El‐Shafaey, & Eldoumani, ; Raji, Sardari, & Mohammadi, , ). However, limited studies are attended for pastern and coffin joints in buffalo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal anatomic reference of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A compared atlas of cross‐sectional anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography

Maksoud

2020

Anat Histol Embryol

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The purpose of this study was to describe normal magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic anatomy of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo using cadaveric distal limbs. This study was achieved using twelve fresh cadaveric distal limbs from adult healthy buffaloes of both sexes. These cadaveric limbs were scanned using a 1 Tesla MRI scanner and CT scanner, injected with red latex, frozen at −20°C for 1 week, and then sectioned into sagittal, dorsal and transverse slices. The obtained MR and CT images were selected to be matched with their corresponding anatomical cross‐sections for identification and evaluation of the clinically correlated anatomical structures of the pastern and coffin joints. The difference in signal intensities on CT and MRI scans amongst the tissues allowed clear differentiation of major bone and soft tissue structures of the pastern and coffin joints. CT provided a high spatial resolution of bone and soft tissue structures, however, MRI allowed a better and higher resolution and definition between soft tissues. The current study provided a normal CT and MRI anatomic reference which could help veterinary clinicians for interpretation and diagnosis of the clinically affected pastern and coffin joints in buffalo.

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Computed tomography of the tarsal joint in clinically normal dogs

Abstract: CT images provide full anatomic detail of the bony structures of the tarsal joint in dogs. Tendons and large blood vessels can also be evaluated. These results could be used as a basis for evaluation of CT images of the hind limbs of dogs with tarsal joint injuries.

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Computed Tomography of the Normal Bovine Tarsus

Normal anatomic reference of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A compared atlas of cross‐sectional anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography

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