Computational fluid dynamics in the assessment of patients' postoperative status after glottis-widening surgery

Marków, Magdalena; Janecki, Daniel; Orecka, Bogusława; Misiołek, Maciej; Warmuziński, K.

doi:10.17219/acem/64235

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Histologic and micro‐computed tomography (microCT) scans have been utilized to correlate vocal fold biomechanical property variations with soft tissue morphologic differences, but lack the granularity needed for sub‐millimeter analysis of vocal fold layers. Computational models of the larynx have provided insight into laryngeal fluid dynamics and biomechanical properties, but have limited clinical predictive ability 32–36 . Largely due to these limitations, no data to date exists regarding the natural history of progressive vocal fold muscle atrophy after RLN injury and resulting changes in laryngeal biomechanics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computational models of the larynx have provided insight into laryngeal fluid dynamics and biomechanical properties, but have limited clinical predictive ability. 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 Largely due to these limitations, no data to date exists regarding the natural history of progressive vocal fold muscle atrophy after RLN injury and resulting changes in laryngeal biomechanics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Augmentation and vocal fold biomechanics in a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model

Miar

Walters

Gonzales

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives/hypothesis Composite vocal fold (VF) biomechanical data are lacking for augmentation after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. We hypothesize resulting atrophy decreases VF stiffness and augmentation restores native VF biomechanics. Methods Sixteen Yorkshire Crossbreed swine underwent left RLN transection and were observed or underwent carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHa) augmentation at 2 weeks. Biomechanical measurements (structural stiffness, displacement, and maximum load) were measured at 4 or 12 weeks. Thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle cross‐sectional area was quantified and compared with two‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. Results After 4 weeks, right greater than left structural stiffness (mean ± SE) was observed (49.6 ± 0.003 vs. 28.4 ± 0.002 mN/mm), left greater than right displacement at 6.3 mN (0.54 ± 0.01 vs. 0.46 ± 0.01 mm, p < .01) was identified, and right greater than left maximum load (72.3 ± 0.005 vs. 40.8 ± 0.003 mN) was recorded. TA muscle atrophy in the injured group without augmentations was significant compared to the noninjured side, and muscle atrophy was seen at overall muscle area and individual muscle bundles. CMC augmentation appears to maintain TA muscle structure in the first 4 weeks with atrophy present at 12 weeks. Conclusions VF biomechanical properties match TA muscle atrophy in this model, and both CMC and CaHa injection demonstrated improved biomechanical properties and slower TA atrophy compared to the uninjured side. Taken together, these data provide a quantifiable biomechanical basis for early injection laryngoplasty to improve dysphonia and potentially improve healing in reversible unilateral vocal fold atrophy. Level of evidence N/A

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmentation and vocal fold biomechanics in a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model

Miar

Walters

Gonzales

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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“…Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and structural mechanics have been employed in recent decades to investigate biomedical processes, especially hemodynamics [33][34][35]. These computational tools have also been applied for potential pre-and post-surgical planning of cardiovascular [36][37][38] and upper airway systems [39][40][41][42][43]. Mylavarapu et al [42] used CFD tools to develop an effective surgical strategy for patients with obstructive airway disorders by comparing different virtual surgery techniques for treating coexisting glottic and subglottic stenosis by measuring the airway resistance and pressure distribution in airway lumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mylavarapu et al [42] used CFD tools to develop an effective surgical strategy for patients with obstructive airway disorders by comparing different virtual surgery techniques for treating coexisting glottic and subglottic stenosis by measuring the airway resistance and pressure distribution in airway lumen. Furthermore, these tools have been employed for post-operative assessment after glottis-widening surgery to improve breathing in patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) [43] and also in post-endoscopic sinus surgery of nasal cavity airflow [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a Clinically Applicable Computational Larynx Model

et al. 2019

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The enormous computational power and time required for simulating the complex phonation process preclude the effective clinical use of computational larynx models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of a numerical larynx model, considering the computational time and resources required. Using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) in a 3D numerical larynx model with prescribed motion of vocal folds, the complicated fluid-structure interaction problem in phonation was reduced to a pure flow simulation with moving boundaries. The simulated laryngeal flow field is in good agreement with the experimental results obtained from authors’ synthetic larynx model. By systematically decreasing the spatial and temporal resolutions of the numerical model and optimizing the computational resources of the simulations, the elapsed simulation time was reduced by 90% to less than 70 h for 10 oscillation cycles of the vocal folds. The proposed computational larynx model with reduced mesh resolution is still able to capture the essential laryngeal flow characteristics and produce results with sufficiently good accuracy in a significant shorter time-to-solution. The reduction in computational time achieved is a promising step towards the clinical application of these computational larynx models in the near future.

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“…Therefore, the research on the temperature rise of the motor is of great significance to the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor. It is directly related to the performance of the motor and affects the life and reliability of the motor [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

Jia¹

2020

Fluid Dynamics &Amp; Materials Processing

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To solve the problem of temperature rise caused by the high power density of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous traction motors, the temperature rise of various components in the motor is analyzed by coupling the equivalent thermal circuit method and computational fluid dynamics. Also, a cooling strategy is proposed to solve the problem of temperature rise, which is expected to prolong the service life of these devices. First, the theoretical bases of the approaches used to study heat transfer and fluid mechanics are discussed, then the fluid flow for the considered motor is analyzed, and the equivalent thermal circuit method is introduced for the calculation of the temperature rise. Finally, the stator, rotor loss, motor temperature rise, and the proposed cooling method are also explored through experiments. According to the results, the stator temperature at 50,000 r/min and 60,000 r/min at no-load operation is 68°C and 76°C, respectively. By monitoring the temperature of the air outlets inside and outside the motor at different speeds, it is also found that the motor reaches a stable temperature rise after 65 min of operation. Coupling of the thermal circuit method and computational fluid dynamics is a strategy that can provide the average temperature rise of each component and can also comprehensively calculate the temperature of each local point. We conclude that a hybrid cooling strategy based on axial air cooling of the inner air duct of the motor and water cooling of the stator can meet the design requirements for the ventilation and cooling of this type of motors.

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Computational fluid dynamics in the assessment of patients' postoperative status after glottis-widening surgery

Abstract: Background. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a rapidly developing instrument with a number of practical applications, allows calculation and visualization of the changing parameters of airflow in the upper respiratory tract.

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Augmentation and vocal fold biomechanics in a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model

Augmentation and vocal fold biomechanics in a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model

Towards a Clinically Applicable Computational Larynx Model

Analysis of Temperature Rise in High-Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Traction Motors by Coupling the Equivalent Thermal Circuit Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics

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