Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of the Effect of Plaques in the Left Coronary Artery

Chaichana, Thanapong; Sun, Zhonghua; Jewkes, James

doi:10.1155/2012/504367

Cited by 77 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These low-flow regions are associated with low WSS, and may contribute to plaque progression. 140 In another similar study, plaques at the coronary bifurcation were found to induce low WSS in coronary side branches. 141 Lee et al 56 studied the flow around a plaque grown in a human carotid bifurcation.…”

Section: Plaque Developmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Particular attention has been paid to develop techniques that permit the measurement of WSS. 138,139 From the numerical point of view, Chaichana et al 140 performed a computational fluid-dynamics analysis involving model plaque in left coronary arteries to investigate the effect of plaque on the hemodynamics of flow. The presence of plaque was found to alter the pressure gradient, with higher gradients in the stenotic regions that may contribute to plaque rupture.…”

Section: Plaque Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and rupture of vulnerable plaques: a review of mechanical effects

Assemat¹,

Hourigan²

2013

CPT

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Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of the buildup and infiltration of lipid streaks in artery walls, leading to plaques. Understanding the development of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability is of critical importance, since plaque rupture can result in heart attack or stroke. Plaques can be divided into two distinct types: those that rupture (vulnerable) and those that are less likely to rupture (stable). In the last few decades, researchers have been interested in studying the influence of the mechanical effects (blood shear stress, pressure forces, and structural stress) on the plaque formation and rupture processes. In the literature, physiological experimental studies are limited by the complexity of in vivo experiments to study such effects, whereas the numerical approach often uses simplified models compared with realistic conditions, so that no general agreement of the mechanisms responsible for plaque formation has yet been reached. In addition, in a large number of cases, the presence of plaques in arteries is asymptomatic. The prediction of plaque rupture remains a complex question to elucidate, not only because of the interaction of numerous phenomena involved in this process (biological, chemical, and mechanical) but also because of the large time scale on which plaques develop. The purpose of the present article is to review the current mechanical models used to describe the blood flow in arteries in the presence of plaques, as well as reviewing the literature treating the influence of mechanical effects on plaque formation, development, and rupture. Finally, some directions of research, including those being undertaken by the authors, are described.

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Section: Plaque Developmentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Plaque Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and rupture of vulnerable plaques: a review of mechanical effects

Assemat¹,

Hourigan²

2013

CPT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4) [2]. The exports were set as free flow boundary (Out-1 to 11), and the flow allocation was determined by diameter of each export depending on Murray law [3].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The graph of coronary arteries flow changes during cardiac cycle was reported by Chaichana et al [2]: time as abscissa (s) and quantity of flow as ordinate (mL/min). Flow of the entry of the left coronary artery (inlet) at different moment could be acquired.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Based on Dual-Source Computed Tomography

Lü

Shi

2017

J Clin Med Res

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BackgroundAdding functional features to morphological features offers a new method for non-invasive assessment of myocardial perfusion. This study aimed to explore technical routes of assessing the left coronary artery pressure gradient, wall shear stress distribution and blood flow velocity distribution, combining three-dimensional coronary model which was based on high resolution dual-source computed tomography (CT) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation.MethodsThree cases of no obvious stenosis, mild stenosis and severe stenosis in left anterior descending (LAD) were enrolled. Images acquired on dual-source CT were input into software Mimics, ICEMCFD and FLUENT to simulate pressure gradient, wall shear stress distribution and blood flow velocity distribution. Measuring coronary enhancement ratio of coronary artery was to compare with pressure gradient.ResultsResults conformed to theoretical values and showed difference between normal and abnormal samples.ConclusionsThe study verified essential parameters and basic techniques in blood flow numerical simulation preliminarily. It was proved feasible.

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“…Blood is usually a non-Newtonian fluid flowing through the artery. However, blood behaves as Newtonian fluid at high strain rate [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] and the density of blood is assumed 1050 kg/m 3 . The cell zone inside the artery is selected as blood and a steady state blood flow is assumed in the analysis.…”

Section: Computational Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Dynamics and Wall Shear Stresses in a Bifurcated Femoral Artery

Gogineni¹,

Ts²

2017

J Biomed Eng Med Devic

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The present paper presents peak wall shear stresses and velocities in a bifurcated femoral artery. This artery is modeled along with blockage downstream of bifurcation, blockage at bifurcation, blockage downstream of stented femoral artery. The femoral artery is subjected to peripheral artery disease. A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic analysis is conducted in all the models, assuming steady blood flow and seventy percent plaque. However, the blood viscosity and blood pressure vary in the femoral artery models as they are subjected to other medical conditions. Femoral artery bifurcates into profunda femoris and the bifurcation angles are assumed to vary at 30, 45 and 60 degrees. The blocked bifurcated artery is replaced with a wall stent and in many cases, a blockage develops downstream of the bifurcated stented artery as a consequence of stent implantation. The wall shear stresses and velocities results from the bifurcated and blocked femoral arterial models are compared to a normal artery characteristic. Further, a comparative study has been conducted along the blocked bifurcated artery with and without the stent.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of the Effect of Plaques in the Left Coronary Artery

Cited by 77 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution and rupture of vulnerable plaques: a review of mechanical effects

Evolution and rupture of vulnerable plaques: a review of mechanical effects

Feasibility Study of Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Based on Dual-Source Computed Tomography

Flow Dynamics and Wall Shear Stresses in a Bifurcated Femoral Artery

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