Computational fire modeling for aircraft fire research

Nicolette, V.F.

doi:10.2172/415224

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is also noted that very good agreement has been obtained between the VULCAN results and the Radiation/Convection Interaction Model results [ 18] for the case of a large, cold flat plate immersed in a large pool fire, with the largest discrepancy near the leading edge of the plate.…”

Section: Numerical Investigationssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…When one compares the temperature field in the fire when a large, cold plate is present to the case without a plate present [18], large differences are observed in the neighborhood of 3 optical path lengths from the plate. The effect of the large cold plate is to continually cool the soot and gases via radiative transfer as the media is advected downstream.…”

Section: Numerical Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Coupling of Large Fire Phenomenon with Object Geometry and Object Thermal Response

Gritzo

Nicolette

1997

Journal of Fire Sciences

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The effect of an object in or near a large fire on the physical processes which result in the heat flux from the fire is defined by the object geometry and temperature, and therefore the fire phenomena and the object physical states can be coupled. Two primary modes of coupling, radiative and convective, and their relative influence on heat flux, are investigated using observations from experimental data and numerical simulations. Radiative coupling occurs when a comparatively cold object reduces the incident heat flux (by up to 65%) due to radiative cooling of nearby media. Convective coupling includes: (1) changes in the geometry of the flame zone, and (2) object-induced turbulence which alters and often enhances the flow, mixing, and, hence, combustion processes within the fire. Increases in the heat flux approaching a factor of three have been observed due to these phenomena.

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Section: Numerical Investigationssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Numerical Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of Large Fire Phenomenon with Object Geometry and Object Thermal Response

Gritzo

Nicolette

1997

Journal of Fire Sciences

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“…For this analysis it is defined as a 5% concentration of methane in air by volume for ambient conditions [Liao, et al, 2005]. These calculations were performed using Vulcan [Nicolette, 1996, Holen, et al, 1990], a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based code.…”

Section: Vapor Dispersion Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breach and safety analysis of spills over water from large liquefied natural gas carriers.

Report¹,

Luketa²,

Hightower³

et al. 2008

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In 2004, at the request of the Department of Energy, Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) prepared a report, "Guidance on the Risk and Safety Analysis of Large Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spills Over Water". That report provided a framework for assessing hazards and identifying approaches to minimize the consequences to people and property from an LNG spill over water. The report also presented the general scale of possible hazards from a spill from 125,000 m 3 to 150,000 m 3 class LNG carriers, at the time the most common LNG carrier capacity.Because of the increasing size and capacity of many new LNG carriers, the Department of Energy requested that Sandia assess the general scale of possible hazards for a breach and spill from newer LNG carriers with capacities up to 265,000 m 3 . Building on the research and analyses presented in the 2004 report, Sandia reassessed emerging accidental and intentional threats and then conducted detailed breach analyses for the new large LNG carrier designs. Based on the estimated breach sizes, breach locations, and LNG carrier configurations, we estimated LNG spill rates and volumes and conducted thermal hazard and vapor dispersion analyses. This report summarizes the different analyses conducted, the expected range of potential hazards from a large LNG carrier spill over water, and risk management approaches to minimize consequences to people and property from such a spill.

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“…While the aircraft crash was the focus, other accident scenarios associated with weapon handling and fueling could also result in an enclosure fire within the weapon storage facility. Control parameters known to affect the thermal environment in the enclosure fire were identified and a parameter space of interest was formed for investigation via computational models (Nicolette and Gill 1997;Nicolette 1996). The strategy for obtaining appropriate data for validation was to conduct experiments at the extremes of the parameter space thereby exercising the model at points spanning the full range of interest.…”

Section: Experiments Objectives and Data Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors which control the smoke layer thickness and temperature distribution, besides the HRR, include the ceiling shape and the presence of clutter in the room. Preliminary runs with the Sandia fire field model, VULCAN, (Nicolette and Gill 1997;Nicolette 1996) indicate that the presence of the curved ceiling shape affects the thermal stratification in the room, ultimately affecting thermal radiation from the upper regions to the rest of the enclosure volume. Clutter in the room can interact with the fire environment by 1) enhancing the mixing of the fuel, air, and combustion products, 2) either blocking or enhancing the thermal radiation to the fuel pool, and 3) providing a local heat sink.…”

Section: Control Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

SNL Storage Facility Fire Environment Experiment Data for Model Validation and Development

Blanchat¹,

Gill²

2001

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The development of validated numerical tools to predict the thermal hazard posed by a fuel fire that results from an aircraft or ground transportation accident is a goal of the Fuel Fire Technology Base Program. These validated tools support Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) probabilistic Weapon System Safety Assessments (WSSA). Two types of tools are being developed to support this type of activity: (1) tools that model the detailed physics of the problem (e.g., fire field models); and (2) tools that model the dominant physical phenomena (e.g., the risk assessment compatible fire models (RACFMs)). RACFMs are tailored to be compatible with the methodology of a probabilistic WSSA. A large-scale fire testing program has been established to obtain experimental data to (1) develop and calibrate RACFMs, (2) validate and further develop fire field models, (3) assess the fire threat to actual systems of interest and, (4) provide archival data for future assessments. This report describes nine full-scale enclosure pool fire experiments (JPS fueled) that were conducted at the Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Lurance Canyon Burn Site in the Building 9830 "Igloo" Facility. Experiment and hardware requirements, the test facility, instrumentation, and a complete description of each experiment are provided herein. The primary purpose of the test series was to furnish experimental data for validating compartment fire models that are being developed to predict the abnormal thermal environment in a storage facility/aircraft accident situation. Fires of interest in the storage and maintenance facilities are primarily hydrocarbon pool fires that could occur as a result of an aircraft engine penetrating the facility during an accident. The models, in turn, are to be used to assess the thermal hazard posed to stored weapons within the facility.

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Computational fire modeling for aircraft fire research

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Coupling of Large Fire Phenomenon with Object Geometry and Object Thermal Response

Coupling of Large Fire Phenomenon with Object Geometry and Object Thermal Response

Breach and safety analysis of spills over water from large liquefied natural gas carriers.

SNL Storage Facility Fire Environment Experiment Data for Model Validation and Development

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