Computational design, synthesis and utilization of a magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer on graphene oxide nanosheets for highly selective extraction and determination of buprenorphine in biological fluids and tablets

Abstract

A magnetic MIP for the selective extraction of buprenorphine (BUP) from real plasma and urine samples and tablets based on computational design as a novel procedure has been developed.

Rational design of salmeterol xinafoate imprinted polymer through computational method: Functional monomer and crosslinker selection

“…20 The best method for optimizing MIP synthesis is to use a computational approach because the calculation is easy, the cost is low, the processing time is short, it is safe for health, there is no waste, and many variables can be optimized directly. [21][22][23][24][25] A computational approach is used to obtain imprinting effectiveness by calculating the template molecules and FMs. The results of the computational approach are important in MIP preparation in order to obtain high selectivity.…”

Sample Preparation Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

“…94 In most of the cases, 5-100 mg of particles are dispersed in the samples. The ratio between the amount of MIP particles and the volume of the sample, that has only been optimized in some cases, 68,180 can be lower than 1, 32,33,44,94,143,158,169,179 between 1 and 10, 45,50,58,59,61,64,65,89,98,106,107,111,114,117,147,154,155,[163][164][165]170,177,178,185 or up to 50 34,66,69,144,149,168,174,181,188 and even 250 mg/mL. 43 Environmental waters were filtered 172 or directly put in contact with the MIP particles for the extraction of target analytes.…”

“…62 A central composite design (CCD) with four parameters, selected after having set some other parameters, and a response surface methodology (RSM) or, in case of multi-criteria optimization, a desirability function were also employed to help optimize the dSPE conditions. 96,147,169,178…”

“…Nevertheless, EFs of 20 170 and even 60-75 without evaporation for urine samples or food extracts, 147,169 and higher than 150 after an evaporation of the desorption solution to concentrate it were obtained. 34,96,178 If most of the studies concern the trapping of a target molecule and one or two analogs in some cases, Li et al reported EFs from 16 to 20 for 6 NSAIDs in waste water with IFs between 2 and 2.3 using ibuprofen as template. 155 As for SPE-MIP, the validation of a dSPE procedure was mainly based on the intra-and interday studies of the extraction recoveries, measured mainly in pure media 59,96,180,184 but also in real samples, in their native form 62,181 or spiked at different concentration levels.…”

“…155 As for SPE-MIP, the validation of a dSPE procedure was mainly based on the intra-and interday studies of the extraction recoveries, measured mainly in pure media 59,96,180,184 but also in real samples, in their native form 62,181 or spiked at different concentration levels. 37,45,50,51,62,65,69,94,96,113,149,163,165,168,172,174,178,183,184 Li et al compared MIP and C18 silica particles to evaluate their difference in term of adsorption capacity of drugs from environmental waters, that was higher with the MIP (factor 2.6). 155 A similar comparison was reported by Lu et al that observed a higher selectivity, with a better clean-up effect with the MIP.…”