Computação Urbana da Teoria à Prática: Fundamentos, Aplicações e Desafios

Abstract

The growing of cities has resulted in innumerable technical and managerial challenges for public administrators such as energy consumption, pollution, urban mobility and even supervision of private and public spaces in an appropriate way. Urban Computing emerges as a promising paradigm to solve such challenges, through the extraction of knowledge, from a large amount of heterogeneous data existing in urban space. Moreover, Urban Computing correlates urban sensing, data management, and analysis to provide services that have the potential to improve the quality of life of the citizens of large urban centers. Consider this context, this chapter aims to present the fundamentals of Urban Computing and the steps necessary to develop an application in this area. To achieve this goal, the following questions will be investigated, namely: (i) What are the main research problems of Urban Computing?; (ii) What are the technological challenges for the implementation of services in Urban Computing?; (iii) What are the main methodologies used for the development of services in Urban Computing?; and (iv) What are the representative applications in this field? ResumoA rápida urbanização das cidades vem resultando em inúmeros desafios técnicos e gerenciais para os gestores públicos tais como consumo de energia, poluição, mobilidade urbana e até mesmo gestão de espaços privados e públicos de forma apropriada. A Computação Urbana surge como um paradigma promissor para resolver tais desafios,

Air Pollution Calculation for Location Based Social Networks Multimodal Routing Service

“…For the restricted data construction of users needed for the analysis, we used LBSN, since they offer coordinates and time stamps for each user interaction with the service. The two social networks, Foursquare and Twitter, were used as they are two services that provide such necessary elements for the practical analysis of urban mobility [Rodrigues et al 2019]. When considering that the datasets' coverage area of the records is limited, we opted for using only one sector or city for the full analysis.…”

“…The technique of determining the main flows analyzed the data collected from Twitter for the analyzed urban region and identified 12 flows of urban mobility, as shown in Figure 2, most of which are concentrated in Jardim Itatinga, Olímpico em São Caetano do Sul, Jardim dos Perdizes, and Aclimac ¸ão. Only seven flows includes the central four districts and are considered by the author for the user experience analysis [Rodrigues et al 2019].…”

“…In the formation stage of multimodal routes, three different means are used: foot, public transport, and the vehicle. In a demonstration of each route formed in each flow acquired, public transport is represented in red, some stretches can be covered on foot in green, and the route in blue indicates the possibility of traveling by Uber [Rodrigues et al 2019]. The author raises only two types of hybrid routes: "Hybrid 1" is primarily related to public transport, and "Hybrid 2" is primarily represented by Uber.…”

“…This section presents the results obtained by the data analysis methodology from the social networks of the urban reality of São Paulo, generating route possibilities with the use of modals with different distances, making a comparative analysis of the amenities for users relating to several metrics resulting from different routes and average values obtained for each analyzed flow [Rodrigues et al 2019].…”

Arquitetura para gerenciamento de dispositivos através de assistentes virtuais comandados por voz

“…Realizar a instalac ¸ão da rede doméstica e seus equipamentos tende a se tornar uma tarefa mais necessária nos próximos anos visto que, de acordo com pesquisa apresentada por [Titara 2021], 80% das pessoas de classe média pretendem tornar sua casa mais conectada. Além da tendência de popularizac ¸ão das redes residenciais [Rodrigues et al 2019], existe também a tendência de haver dispositivos com cada vez mais recursos [Immich et al 2019]. Dessa forma, existe uma crescente exigência de habilidades e conhecimentos para configurar corretamente dispositivos de redes domésticas.…”