Compromised Performance and Abnormal Psychophysiology Associated With the Wisconsin Scales of Psychosis Proneness

Fernandes, Leyan O. L.; Miller, Gregory A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4234-5_2

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…These are reflected in decreased responsivity to positive or rewarding stimuli and reduced approach-related behaviors (for reviews, see Fernandes and Miller, 1995; Pizzagalli et al, 2011). Relative to healthy controls, individuals with MDD exhibit blunted responsiveness to pleasant films and scenes (Berenbaum and Oltmanns, 1992; Sloan et al, 1997), to cues signaling the potential for reward (Pizzagalli et al, 2009a), and to receipt of actual rewards (Henriques and Davidson, 2000; Pizzagalli et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Motivation-cognition Interactions In Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology

Crocker¹,

Heller²,

Warren³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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155

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Emotion-cognition and motivation-cognition relationships and related brain mechanisms are receiving increasing attention in the clinical research literature as a means of understanding diverse types of psychopathology and improving biological and psychological treatments. This paper reviews and integrates some of the growing evidence for cognitive biases and deficits in depression and anxiety, how these disruptions interact with emotional and motivational processes, and what brain mechanisms appear to be involved. This integration sets the stage for understanding the role of neuroplasticity in implementing change in cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes in psychopathology as a function of intervention.

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Section: Motivation-cognition Interactions In Anxiety and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology

Crocker¹,

Heller²,

Warren³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

Self Cite

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Individuals with elevated scores on the PerAb, MagId, SocAnh, and PhysAnh demonstrate psychological, neurocognitive, and psychophysiological disturbances resembling those of schizophrenia patients, while the presence of such disturbances is less clear in individuals with elevated ImpNon (Edell 1995;Fernandes and Miller 1995;Horan et al 2004). In the few prospective studies, PerAb and MagId predicted the development of symptoms of psychotic as well as other psychiatric disorders (Chapman et al 1994;Gooding et al 2005), SocAnh more specifically predicted symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (Gooding et al 2005;Kwapil 1998), and PhysAnh and ImpNon did not predict later psychosis (Chapman et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The validity of Psychosis Proneness Scales as vulnerability indicators in recent-onset schizophrenia patients

Horan

Reise

Subotnik

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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The Psychosis Proneness Scales developed by the Chapmans and colleagues (Chapman et al., 1995) are widely used to identify nonpatient individuals who are hypothesized to possess heightened vulnerability to schizophrenia and related psychopathology. Yet surprisingly little is known about whether schizophrenia patients themselves show abnormalities on these scales across different clinical states, as would be expected for vulnerability indicators. Scores on four of the Psychosis Proneness Scales were evaluated at three assessment points over a 15-month period in healthy controls (n = 54) and in recent-onset schizophrenia patients (n = 72) who experienced symptom fluctuations across assessments. Patients showed steady elevations on the Physical Anhedonia Scale across time and clinical state, consistent with a stable vulnerability indicator. Patients had higher scores on the Perceptual Aberration and Magical Ideation Scales than controls throughout the followup period but scores also changed across clinical states, consistent with a mediating vulnerability indicator. Patients had higher scores on the Impulsive Non-Conformity Scale than controls only during a psychotic state, reflecting an episode indicator. The longitudinal characteristics of these scales in people who are actually diagnosed with schizophrenia provide key evidence for the validity of three commonly used psychometric indicators of vulnerability to psychosis.

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“…The scales were rigorously constructed using Jackson's (1970) scale development methods and demonstrated sound psychometric properties using classical test theory metrics (e.g., [Chapman et al, 1982], [Kwapil et al, 2008] and [Winterstein et al, 2010]). Extensive cross-sectional research indicates that high scores on the scales are associated with psychological and physiological deficits similar to those seen in schizophrenia (see reviews in [Edell, 1995], [Fernandes and Miller, 1995] and [Fonseca-Pedrero et al, 2008]). For example, Blanchard et al (2011) reported that high scorers on the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale exhibited elevated rates of schizophrenia-spectrum symptoms and impaired functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties and validity of short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in two large samples

Gross

Silvia

Barrantes‐Vidal

et al. 2012

Schizophrenia Research

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The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales (WSS) have been widely used in the study of clinical and non-clinical samples. However, researchers often find the length of the scales prohibitive. The present study examined the reliability and validity of recently developed 15-item short forms of the Perceptual Aberration, Magical Ideation, Physical Anhedonia, and Revised Social Anhedonia Scales in two large samples of non-clinically ascertained young adults. The scales demonstrated good reliability and correlated highly with the original scales. The validity of the scales was assessed by comparing the association of the original and shortened WSS with interview measures of psychotic-like and schizophrenia-spectrum symptoms and impaired functioning, as well as with questionnaire measures of personality and social impairment. The associations of the shortened WSS with the interview and questionnaire measures were comparable in terms of statistical significance and effect size with the associations of the original scales. The present findings provide the first demonstration of the validity of the shortened WSS and support their use in the study of schizotypy.

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Compromised Performance and Abnormal Psychophysiology Associated With the Wisconsin Scales of Psychosis Proneness

Cited by 16 publications

References 124 publications

Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology

Relationships among cognition, emotion, and motivation: implications for intervention and neuroplasticity in psychopathology

The validity of Psychosis Proneness Scales as vulnerability indicators in recent-onset schizophrenia patients

Psychometric properties and validity of short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in two large samples

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