Psychometric properties and validity of short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in two large samples

Gross, Georgina M.; Silvia, Paul J.; Barrantes‐Vidal, Neus; Kwapil, Thomas Richard

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2011.11.032

Cited by 42 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subjects completed short forms (Winterstein et al, 2011) of the WSS used in this study: Magical Ideation (Eckblad & Chapman, 1983), Perceptual Aberration (Chapman, Chapman, & Raulin, 1978), Physical Anhedonia (Chapman et al, 1976), and Revised Social Anhedonia (Eckblad, Chapman, Chapman, & Mishlove, 1982) Scales. The short forms yield two factors, positive and negative schizotypy, accounting for 75% of their variance (Gross, Silvia, Barrantes-Vidal, & Kwapil, 2012). Based on short-form scores, all mass screening subjects earned a positive and negative score, based on factor loadings from 6,137 prior students.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in the executive control of attention, memory, and thought, and their associations with schizotypy.

Kane¹,

Meier²,

Smeekens³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Self Cite

170

336

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A large correlational study took a latent-variable approach to the generality of executive control by testing the individual-differences structure of executive-attention capabilities and assessing their prediction of schizotypy, a multidimensional construct (with negative, positive, disorganized, and paranoid factors) conveying risk for schizophrenia. Although schizophrenia is convincingly linked to executive deficits, the schizotypy literature is equivocal. Subjects completed tasks of working memory capacity (WMC), attention restraint (inhibiting prepotent responses), and attention constraint (focusing visual attention amid distractors), the latter two in an effort to fractionate the “inhibition” construct. We also assessed mind-wandering propensity (via in-task thought probes) and coefficient of variation in response times (RT CoV) from several tasks as more novel indices of executive attention. WMC, attention restraint, attention constraint, mind wandering, and RT CoV were correlated but separable constructs, indicating some distinctions among “attention control” abilities; WMC correlated more strongly with attentional restraint than constraint, and mind wandering correlated more strongly with attentional restraint, attentional constraint, and RT CoV than with WMC. Across structural models, no executive construct predicted negative schizotypy and only mind wandering and RT CoV consistently (but modestly) predicted positive, disorganized, and paranoid schizotypy; stalwart executive constructs in the schizophrenia literature — WMC and attention restraint — showed little to no predictive power, beyond restraint’s prediction of paranoia. Either executive deficits are consequences rather than risk factors for schizophrenia, or executive failures barely precede or precipitate diagnosable schizophrenia symptoms.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in the executive control of attention, memory, and thought, and their associations with schizotypy.

Kane¹,

Meier²,

Smeekens³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

Self Cite

170

336

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They were invited to participate based on scores on the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales—brief version (Winterstein et al, 2011) administered in mass-screening sessions. The positive and negative schizotypy groups included 25 participants each who scored at least 1.5 SD above the mean on the respective schizotypy dimension based on a sample of 6137 young adults (Gross et al, 2012). The comparison group contained 25 participants who scored within .5 SD of the mean on both the positive and negative schizotypy scores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive schizotypy and negative schizotypy are associated with differential patterns of episodic memory impairment

Sahakyan

Kwapil

2016

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of schizophrenia; however, studies have not comprehensively examined such impairments in non-clinically ascertained schizotypic young adults. The present study employed a series of measures to assess episodic memory in high positive schizotypy, high negative schizotypy, and comparison groups (each group n = 25). Consistent with diminished cognitive functioning seen in negative symptom schizophrenia, the negative schizotypy group exhibited deficits on free recall, recognition, and source memory tasks. The positive schizotypy group did not demonstrate deficits on the above mentioned tasks. However, in contrast to the other groups, the positive schizotypy group showed an unexpected set-size effect on the cued-recall task. Set-size effect, which refers to the finding that words that have smaller networks of associates tend to have a memory advantage, is usually found in associative-cuing, but not cued-recall, tasks. The finding for the positive schizotypy group is consistent with heightened spreading activation and reduced executive control suggested to underlie psychotic symptoms. The findings support a multidimensional model of schizotypy and schizophrenia, and suggest that positive and negative schizotypy involve differential patterns of cognitive impairment.

show abstract

“…The main goal of this work was to study the psychometric properties of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales-Brief forms (WSS-B) [21, 22] in a large sample of non-clinical young adults. For this purpose, we examine the internal structure of the WSS-B scores, through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and we analyze the reliability of the scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Gross and collaborators have developed a brief version of WSS (WSS-B) [21, 22]. The administration of the WSS entails a long period of time (166 items).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those items high discrimination, and low differential item functioning were retained. Psychometric properties of WSS-B have been previously studied in college students samples [21, 22]; nevertheless, WSS-B have been recently developed and there are not preliminary data regarding internal structure and reliability of the scores. In this sense, it is interesting to conduct new studies to analyze the quality metric of the WSS-B in new samples that allow us to advance in its validation and to replicate previous findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dimensionality of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales‐Brief Forms in College Students

Fonseca‐Pedrero

Paíno

Ortuño‐Sierra

et al. 2013

The Scientific World Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales are one of the most used measuring instruments for the assessment of psychometric risk for psychosis. The main goal of the present study was to analyze the internal structure of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales-Brief (WSS-B) forms and the reliability of the scores in a large sample of college students. The final sample was comprised by a total of 1349 students, 288 males, with a mean age of 20.48 years (SD = 2.58). The results indicated that the WSS-B scores presented adequate psychometric properties. Cronbach's alfa coefficient for total scores in WSS-B ranged from 0.86 to 0.93. Analysis of the internal structure of the WSS-B, through confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling, yielded a four factor solution (Magical Ideation, Perceptual Aberration, Social Anhedonia, and Physical Anhedonia) as the most adequate. Statistically significant differences in mean scores of WSS-B by sex were found. These results provided new validity evidence of the WSS-B scores in an independent sample of nonclinical young adults. The WSS-B seems to be useful, brief, and easy to administrate for the screening of extended psychosis phenotype in the general population.

show abstract

Psychometric properties and validity of short forms of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales in two large samples

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Individual differences in the executive control of attention, memory, and thought, and their associations with schizotypy.

Individual differences in the executive control of attention, memory, and thought, and their associations with schizotypy.

Positive schizotypy and negative schizotypy are associated with differential patterns of episodic memory impairment

Dimensionality of the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales‐Brief Forms in College Students

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About