Compromised Blood Flow in the Optic Nerve Head after Systemic Administration of Aldosterone in Rats: A Possible Rat Model of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

Wada, Yasushi; Higashide, Tomomi; Sakaguchi, Kimikazu; Nagata, Atsushi; Hirooka, Kazuyuki; Sugiyama, Kazuhisa

doi:10.1080/02713683.2022.2029907

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Previous reports have also shown that there was a significant decrease in the number of RGCs [ 9 ] and a significant decrease in the MT after a systemic administration of aldosterone in rats [ 11 ]. The lamina cribrosa, which is thought to be the primary site of the lesion in glaucoma, is supplied by the deep ONH blood flow, which is reflected by the MT [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…reported there was a rapid decreased forearm blood flow effect associated with an aldosterone infusion into the antecubital vein of the arm in humans. Moreover, after a systemic administration of aldosterone in rats, there was a decrease in the ONH blood flow without changes in the IOP or SBP [ 11 ]. Although PA patients exhibited a significantly higher MAP as compared to the normal subjects, it is our hypothesis that the MT reduction likely reflects the local effects of aldosterone, as our analysis was conducted after adjusting the MAP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our current study also showed that there was no association between plasma aldosterone concentration and MT. Although a previous experimental model reported that aldosterone led to a decrease in the blood flow, the degree of the increase in the plasma aldosterone concentration was not related to the MT changes [ 11 ]. Moreover, our results are supported by a previous animal study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, plasma aldosterone concentration increases have been observed after a systemic administration of aldosterone, with the relationship between the number of RGCs and the plasma aldosterone concentration exhibiting a negative correlation [ 10 ]. LSFG measurements have additionally documented that there were significant decreases in the MT after systemic administration of aldosterone [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood flow in the optic nerve head in patients with primary aldosteronism

et al. 2023

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Purpose Optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow decrease without changes in intraocular pressure in a possible rat model of retinal ganglion cell loss by systemic administration of aldosterone. To compare the blood flow in the ONH, using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), in healthy eyes and in eyes with primary aldosteronism (PA). Methods The ONH tissue area mean blur rate (MT) was evaluated in this single center, retrospective, cross-sectional study using LSFG. In order to compare the MT between PA patients and normal subjects, mixed-effects models were used, with adjustments made for the mean arterial pressure, disc area, and β-peripapillary atrophy (β-PPA) area. Mixed-effects models were also used to analyze the risk factors affecting the MT. Results This study evaluated a total of 29 eyes of 17 PA patients and 61 eyes of 61 normal subjects. There was a significantly lower MT in PA patients (10.8 ± 0.4) as compared to the normal subjects (12.3 ± 0.3) (P = 0.004). The MT was significantly lower in PA patients (10.8 ± 0.6) even after adjusting for the potential confounding factors when compared to normal subjects (12.3 ± 0.3) (P = 0.046). Multivariate mixed-effects model analysis demonstrated that the MT was significantly associated with the PA and β-PPA. Conclusions There was a significantly lower ONH blood flow in PA patients as compared to normal subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood flow in the optic nerve head in patients with primary aldosteronism

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, these results provide direct evidence at the cellular level for the existence of RAS in ONH. Furthermore, individual components of the RAS may act as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of ocular disease such as glaucoma ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic nerve head astrocytes contribute to vascular associated effects

Dong

Qian

et al. 2022

Front. Med.

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PurposeThis study was conducted in order to test the expression of vasoactive substances within rat lamina cribrosa (LC) and optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes, so as to investigate the role and potential mechanism of ONH astrocytes in vascular associated effects.MethodsLC tissue sections and primary cultured ONH astrocytes were obtained from adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Immunofluorescent staining was then used to detect the expression of vasoactive substances. Hyperoxia exposure was carried out both in vivo and in vitro, after which nitric oxide (NO) levels in LC tissue and cell supernatant were detected. The variations of protein and gene expression associated with vasoactive substances were subsequently tested. ONH astrocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were then incubated in a direct co-culture manner. Morphological parameters of VSMCs were finally analyzed in order to evaluate cell contraction.ResultsEndothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) were detected in both LC tissue and ONH astrocytes. Retinal vessel diameter was found obviously decreased following hyperoxia exposure. Moreover, hyperoxia inhibited NO production both in vivo and in vitro. ET-1 and RAS elements were observed to be upregulated, whereas NOS was downregulated. In ONH astrocytes and VSMCs co-culture system, the length-to-width ratio of VSMCs was shown to significantly increase on days 3 and 7 in hyperoxia compared with normoxia.ConclusionsThere is an abundance of expression of vasoactive substances within LC tissue and ONH astrocytes. The contractile response of VSMCs in the co-culture system provided direct evidence for the involvement of ONH astrocytes in vascular associated effects, which may signify a potentially novel direction for future research.

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Aldosterone as a Possible Contributor to Eye Diseases

et al. 2022

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Aldosterone, an effector molecule of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), has been receiving more attention in the field of ophthalmology because of its possible role in the pathogenesis of various eye diseases or abnormalities; potentially, it may even become a target for their treatment. Primary aldosteronism, a typical model of a systemic aldosterone excess, may cause vision loss due to various ocular diseases, such as retinal vein occlusion, central serous chorioretinopathy, and possibly, glaucoma. RAAS components are present in various parts and types of cells present in the eye. Investigations of local RAAS in various animal models of diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity, central serous chorioretinopathy, and glaucoma have found evidence that aldosterone or mineralocorticoid receptors may exacerbate the pathology of these disorders. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether the modulation of aldosterone or mineralocorticoid receptors is an effective treatment for preventing vision loss in patients with eye diseases.

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Compromised Blood Flow in the Optic Nerve Head after Systemic Administration of Aldosterone in Rats: A Possible Rat Model of Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Blood flow in the optic nerve head in patients with primary aldosteronism

Blood flow in the optic nerve head in patients with primary aldosteronism

Optic nerve head astrocytes contribute to vascular associated effects

Aldosterone as a Possible Contributor to Eye Diseases

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