Compromise between dominant polymerization mechanisms in preparation of polymer microspheres

Ma, Guanghui; Li, Jinghai

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2004.01.027

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Polymer formed in the emulsion particles presented higher molecular weight than the polymer formed in the suspension particles due to the segregation of radicals in the emulsion particles. Ma and Li [4] also observed the formation of secondary particles when studying the synthesis of monodisperse polystyrene particles with diameters about 5-10 mm by microsuspension polymerization employing the microporous membrane method. Surfactant was added to the system (at concentration below the critical micellar concentration) in order to avoid coalescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…When obtaining particles with core-shell structure, secondary particle formation can lead to loss of control of particle morphology, therefore a prerequisite for the formation of structured latex particles is avoidance or minimization of new particle formation when a second monomer is polymerized in the presence of a seed latex [2]. Understanding the mechanisms involved in secondary particle formation in seeded emulsion polymerization has been the subject of several works in the literature [3][4][5] in order to determine the conditions in which secondary nucleation could be avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary particle formation in seeded suspension polymerization

Gonçalves

Machado

Araújo

et al. 2009

Polymer

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary particle formation in seeded suspension polymerization

Gonçalves

Machado

Araújo

et al. 2009

Polymer

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“…The mechanism of conventional emulsion polymerization stabilized by surfactants has been discussed for several decades and some consensus has been reached [29][30][31]. That is, depending on the recipes and reaction conditions, one or more particle nucleation mechanisms, such as micelle nucleation, homogeneous nucleation and monomer droplet nucleation, are operative in emulsion polymerization [32].…”

Section: Mechanism Analysis Of Ps/sio 2 Composite Microspheres Preparmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene/nano-SiO2 composite microspheres fabricated by Pickering emulsion polymerization: Preparation, mechanisms and thermal properties

Zhang¹,

Fan²,

Tian³

et al. 2012

Express Polym. Lett.

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We report the preparation, mechanisms and thermal properties of core-shell structured polymer/inorganic nanoparticle composite microspheres prepared by Pickering emulsion polymerization. Stable Pickering emulsion was firstly fabricated by using surface-modified nano-SiO2 particles as stabilizer. And then, two kinds of polystyrene/nano-SiO2 (PS/SiO2) composite microspheres with different sizes and morphologies were synthesized using hydrophobic azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and hydrophilic ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, respectively. The possible mechanisms of Pickering emulsion polymerization initiated by different initiators were proposed according to the results of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical structure and molecular weight of the composite microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and gel permeation chromatography coupled with a multi-angle laser light scattering photometer (GPC-MALLS). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) were used to comparatively analyze the thermal properties of nanocomposites and corresponding pure polymer. The results indicated that the decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature (Tg) of nanocomposites were elevated to a certain degree due to the existence of nano-SiO2

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“…The choice among them depends on the size of the particles to be synthesized and their chemical composition. Polymeric microspheres can be obtained from the natural and synthetic polymers (15,16) using crystallization=precipitation procedures (17). They can be prepared directly during the polymerization (15,16,18) of emulsion (19) or suspension (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorption of Phthalates on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

Wolska

Bryjak

2012

Separation Science and Technology

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Porous beads of styrene divinylbenzene copolymer, S-co-DVB, imprinted with dimethyl phthalate, DMP, were obtained. Two solvents were applied for the formation of pores: n-hexane and n-octane. The sorbents were prepared by membrane emulsification of monomer mixtures containing DMP followed by suspension polymerization. The average diameters of the synthesized beads were 40 lm for beads obtained from mixtures with n-octane, and 30 lm for preparations with n-hexane as solvent. It was shown that almost all monodispersive sorbents were obtained; their SPAN parameter was as small as 0.7-0.9. Sorption properties of evaluated samples varied in relation to the kind of applied reaction mixture. Generally, imprinted materials showed higher sorption capacity towards DMP than their off-template analogues. For the sorbent obtained in the presence of n-octane and with 3 wt.% of DMP, sorption of dimethyl phthalate took the highest value -89 mg/g. The sorbents imprinted with DMP were checked for sorption of diethyl phthalate, DEP, and dibuthyl phthalate, DBP also. It was shown that sorbability of synthesized materials towards other phthalates was much smaller than for DMP and was not related to the presence of dimethyl phthalate foot prints.

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Compromise between dominant polymerization mechanisms in preparation of polymer microspheres

Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Secondary particle formation in seeded suspension polymerization

Secondary particle formation in seeded suspension polymerization

Polystyrene/nano-SiO2 composite microspheres fabricated by Pickering emulsion polymerization: Preparation, mechanisms and thermal properties

Sorption of Phthalates on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

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