Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures in lithic materials

Olivares, Maitane; Irazola, Mireia; Vallejo, Asier; Murelaga, Xabier; Zuloaga, Olatz; Etxebarria, Néstor

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.034

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…According to the literature, the total amount of compounds, which could be elucidated, should be higher , but we were limited by the used chromatographic set‐up. In fact, the low sensitivity offered by the GC × GC–FID–qMS set‐up is a consequence of the required high carrier gas flow and, subsequently, to the need of a further high split (1:10) before entering to the MSD .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution and identification of co‐eluting alkylphenols in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry by multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares

Omar

Vallejo

Olivares

et al. 2015

Journal of Chemometrics

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The interest in the analysis of alkylphenols (APs) has widely increased in the last decades because of the endocrine disrupting features of these phenol derivatives. However, the isolation and identification of many of the multiple chemical structures of all APs is a very challenging task because of their similar physicochemical properties. In this work, the co‐elution of the isomers present in technical mixtures and using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry was resolved using multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares algorithm. The mass spectrum of each resolved compound was compared with the theoretical mass spectrum obtained from the literature, in order to assign the appropriate identification of each isomer. Two commercial mixtures were studied; in one of them, 34 compounds were resolved, and in the second mixture, 40 compounds were resolved. The relative abundances of the compounds were also calculated in both mixtures. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolution and identification of co‐eluting alkylphenols in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry by multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares

Omar

Vallejo

Olivares

et al. 2015

Journal of Chemometrics

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“…The organic fraction was isolated, after cleaning the studied material with organic solvents (acetone and dichloromethane) to minimize cross-contamination, following an optimized method developed for extracting organic matter from organic-poor chert samples [60]. Briefly, approximately 200 mg of powdered material was treated in 15 mL of extractant solvent mixture consisted of 60% dichloromethane (HPLC grade, 99.8%) and 40% n-hexane (HPLC grade, 99.8%).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Occurrence in the Fossil Record of an Aquatic Avian Twig-Nest with Phoenicopteriformes Eggs: Evolutionary Implications

et al. 2012

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BackgroundWe describe the first occurrence in the fossil record of an aquatic avian twig-nest with five eggs in situ (Early Miocene Tudela Formation, Ebro Basin, Spain). Extensive outcrops of this formation reveal autochthonous avian osteological and oological fossils that represent a single taxon identified as a basal phoenicopterid. Although the eggshell structure is definitively phoenicopterid, the characteristics of both the nest and the eggs are similar to those of modern grebes. These observations allow us to address the origin of the disparities between the sister taxa Podicipedidae and Phoenicopteridae crown clades, and traces the evolution of the nesting and reproductive environments for phoenicopteriforms.Methodology/Principal FindingsMulti-disciplinary analyses performed on fossilized vegetation and eggshells from the eggs in the nest and its embedding sediments indicate that this new phoenicopterid thrived under a semi-arid climate in an oligohaline (seasonally mesohaline) shallow endorheic lacustine environment. High-end microcharacterizations including SEM, TEM, and EBSD techniques were pivotal to identifying these phoenicopterid eggshells. Anatomical comparisons of the fossil bones with those of Phoenicopteriformes and Podicipediformes crown clades and extinct palaelodids confirm that this avian fossil assemblage belongs to a new and basal phoenicopterid.Conclusions/SignificanceAlthough the Podicipediformes-Phoenicopteriformes sister group relationship is now well supported, flamingos and grebes exhibit feeding, reproductive, and nesting strategies that diverge significantly. Our multi-disciplinary study is the first to reveal that the phoenicopteriform reproductive behaviour, nesting ecology and nest characteristics derived from grebe-like type strategies to reach the extremely specialized conditions observed in modern flamingo crown groups. Furthermore, our study enables us to map ecological and reproductive characters on the Phoenicopteriformes evolutionary lineage. Our results demonstrate that the nesting paleoenvironments of flamingos were closely linked to the unique ecology of this locality, which is a direct result of special climatic (high evaporitic regime) and geological (fault system) conditions.

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“…Olivares et al 75 used flow modulation GC × GC to characterize extracts of chert (a type of sedimentary rock). The effluent exiting the secondary column was split between a FID and a quadrupole MS.…”

Section: ■ Applications Of Mdgcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Gas Chromatography: Fundamental Advances and New Applications

2012

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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography to characterize hydrocarbon mixtures in lithic materials

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Resolution and identification of co‐eluting alkylphenols in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry by multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares

Resolution and identification of co‐eluting alkylphenols in comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry by multivariate curve resolution‐alternating least squares

The First Occurrence in the Fossil Record of an Aquatic Avian Twig-Nest with Phoenicopteriformes Eggs: Evolutionary Implications

Multidimensional Gas Chromatography: Fundamental Advances and New Applications

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