Comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography in the analysis of dietary fatty acids

Abstract

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography utilising a semi-rotating cryogenic modulator was applied to the analysis of dietary milk derived fatty acids. Four column combinations were tested: two polar-nonpolar and two different nonpolarpolar column combinations. Best results were obtained with a nonpolar-polar column set, with narrow-bore (50 microm ID) Carbowax column as the second column. The GC x GC method clearly improved the separation efficiency of the fatty acids in comparison with one-dimensional GC analysis and proved to be suitable for the quantification of the analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of the retention times in the first and second dimensions were on average 0.06% and 4.9%, respectively. The relative RSD for peak volumes was on average 2.9%.

Evaluation of ionic liquid stationary phases for one dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatographic analyses of fatty acids in marine biota

“…In this respect, comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography (GC × been applied for the analysis of FAMEs in microorganism [16][17][18], fish and vegetable oil [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], human plasma [29] and milk fat [30]. Comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography is especially useful for group type separation, combining the carbon number separation and the separation according to the number of double bonds.…”

Characterization of bacterial lipid profiles by using rapid sample preparation and fast comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry

“…In particular, enhanced sensitivity and formation of structured chromatograms have proven to be useful for the analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) contained in fish and vegetable oils [3][4][5], milk fat [6], plasma [7], micro-algae and aquatic meiofauna species [8].…”

Chemotaxonomy of bacteria by comprehensive GC and GC‐MS in electron impact and chemical ionisation mode

“…Complete gas chromatographic resolution for all possible bacterial fatty acids (including different chain lengths, branched chains, unsaturation, positional isomers, cyclopropane-and hydroxyl-functions) in a single dimensional run is probably impossible. In total, more than 300 fatty acids, and related compounds such as aldehydes and dimethylacetals, have been detected in , FAME' samples of bacteria [8] (Sasser, M., MIDI Technical Note 101, 1990, see www.midi-inc.com).Comprehensive GC6GC was applied to the analysis of FAMEs of fish and vegetable oils [9 -13] and milk fat [14]. Jover et al…”